【摘要】 在城镇化和工业化不断深入推进的背景下，乡村正面临严峻的人口流失、城乡收入差距扩大、农业资源价值实现不充分、城乡二元结构突出等不可持续问题，已经成为中国全面落实联合国可持续发展目标（SDGs）的短板。对接国家乡村振兴战略、可持续发展战略的实施需求，在乡村可持续发展的概念演变与发展形势分析基础上，该研究瞄准实现可持续发展目标的3个基本维度（发展动力、发展质量、发展公平），从乡村生产要素、自然要素、社会要素与乡村治理四个方面讨论了乡村可持续发展的内涵及核心目标，即：激活乡村产业发展动力，保障乡村发展质量，建设公平和谐乡村社会，形成健全乡村治理机制，尝试阐释“什么样的乡村才是可持续发展的乡村？”这一核心命题。借鉴当前国家和城市层面SDGs进展情况的评价经验和评估范式，讨论了乡村可持续发展评价指标体系设计的基本原则、构建思路和评估方法。聚焦乡村可持续发展目标与方向，在SDGs本土化探索经验分析基础上，统筹国家相关战略、规划和政策行动确定的关键指标，识别筛选了乡村可持续发展密切相关的SDGs考核指标，构建了由136项指标组成的乡村可持续发展基础指标库。考虑乡村可持续发展能力和水平评估的现实需求，进一步确定了由4大目标层、13项准则层和34项具体指标组成的乡村可持续发展评估指标体系和评价技术，以期为系统评估乡村SDGs的进展、精准识别乡村发展的不可持续性问题提供依据，为乡村振兴战略与可持续发展战略的融合提供理论、技术与决策支撑，助力乡村落实2030年可持续发展议程。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the context of continuous urbanization and industrialization, rural areas are facing severe problems such as population outflow, a widening urban-rural income gap, insufficient realization of agricultural resource value, and a prominent urban-rural dual structure. These issues have become an important factor restricting in the comprehensive implementation of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) in China. This article aims to address the implementation needs of the national rural revitalization strategy and sustainable development strategy. Based on the evolution of the concept of rural sustainable development and the analysis of the development situation, this article discusses the implications and core objectives of rural sustainable development from four aspects:rural production factors, natural elements, social elements, and rural governance. The core question being explored is, ‘What kind of rural areas are sustainable?’ Drawing on the measurement, evaluation, and assessment experience and paradigm of the current progress of SDGs at the national and urban levels, this article discusses the basic principles, ideas, and evaluation methods for designing an evaluation index system for rural sustainable development. Focusing on the goals and directions of rural sustainable development and based on the analysis of the experience of localizing SDGs, this article integrates the key indicators determined by national strategies, plans,and policy actions, identifies and selects SDGs assessment indicators closely related to rural sustainable development, and constructs a basic index library for rural sustainable development consisting of 136 indicators. Considering the practical needs for assessing the capacity and level of rural sustainable development, this article further determines an evaluation index system and evaluation techniques for rural sustainable development, consisting of four goal layers, 13 criterion layers, and 34 specific indicators. This is aimed at providing a basis for systematically assessing the progress of rural SDGs and accurately identifying the unsustainability issues in rural development. The aim is also to provide theoretical, technical, and decision-making support for the integration of rural revitalization strategy and sustainable development strategy and to help rural areas implement the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda.更多还原