【摘要】 以‘桂味’为研究对象，用纳米二氧化钛（nTiO₂）为主效试剂，探究叶面喷施纳米二氧化钛对荔枝光合作用与成花的作用。以nTiO₂、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）、凹凸棒（ATP）与秸秆灰（BCS）复合试剂配制比例为W_nTiO2∶W_SDS∶W_ATP∶W_BCS=200∶8∶40∶5，进行叶面喷施试验。结果表明：转绿时期喷施nTiO₂ 20d后荔枝叶片SPAD值为32.58±0.21，显著高于对照组，老熟期的SPAD值由低于对照组到高于对照，表明nTiO₂增加叶片相对叶绿素含量，提升叶片光合能力，增强了其光合速率。nTiO₂单体处理植株成花枝率达到99.46%±0.54%，显著高于对照组的95.14%±1.87%。nTiO₂对两批雄花花粉活力均有提高作用，花粉萌发率在两个环境条件下均显著高于对照，晴天雨天的萌发率处理的萌发率51.32%±1.98%和46.84%±2.26%，高于对照组的40.91%±1.52%和34.43%±1.79%。可见nTiO₂处理促进发荔枝的授粉受精，为提高产量和果实品质奠定了基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Taking ’Guiwei’ as the research object, using nano-titanium dioxide（nTiO₂） as the main reagent,the effect of spraying nTiO₂ on the photosynthesis and blooming of litchi was studied. The test of foliar spraying was carried out with nTiO₂, sodium dodecyl sulfate（SDS）, attapulgite（ATP） and straw ash（BCS） in the ratio of W_nTiO2∶W_SDS∶W_ATP∶W_BCS = 200∶8∶40∶5. The results showed that the SPAD value of litchi leaves was 32.58 ±0.21 after 20 days of nTiO₂ spraying during the greening period, which was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the SPAD value during the old maturity period was from lower than that of the control group to higher than that of the control, indicating that nTiO₂ increased the relative chlorophyll content of leaves, enhanced the photosynthetic capacity of leaves, and improved their photosynthetic rate. The flowering branch rate of nTiO₂monomer treated plants reached 99.46% ± 0.54%, higher than 95.14% ± 1.87% of the control group. nTiO₂ increased the pollen viability in both batches of male flowers, and pollen germination rate was significantly higher than the control under both environmental conditions. The germination rate of sunny and rainy days treated at 51.32% ± 1.98%and 46.84% ± 2.26%, higher than 40.91% ± 1.52% and 34.43% ± 1.79% of the control group. These results suggested that nTiO₂ could promote pollination and fertilization of litchi, laying the foundation for improving the yield and fruit quality.更多还原