【摘要】 为实现煤矸石的高附加值化利用与大宗化利用的统一，通过采集华丰煤矿的不同类别煤矸石，利用XRD、XRF、SEM-EDS及工业分析法进行煤矸石理化特征及资源化利用进行研究，结果表明：华丰煤矸石的水分较低，洗矸的挥发分和热值均比其余矸石矸高，热值达3 575 kJ/kg;洗矸、存矸和红矸的矿物组成以石英、黏土矿物为主，大矸的方解石含量占比高，存矸的矿物组成最复杂；洗矸和大矸呈层状和块状结构，存矸和红矸呈土状结构，化学成分主要以SiO₂、Al₂O₃及Fe₂O₃为主，酸碱比为3.9～6.1,Se和Ga在煤矸石中高度富集；通过三级破碎筛分，粗煤、石和“土”的产率分别为9.65%、65.64%和24.70%,分离出精煤1.75%、机制砂65.64%、高岭土15.59%和尾渣17.02%,实现煤矸石的分级分质全组分资源化利用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to realize the unity of high value-added utilization and bulk utilization of coal gangue, different types of coal gangue in Huafeng coal mine are collected, XRD, XRF, SEM-EDS and industrial analysis were used to study the physicochemical characteristics and resource utilization of coal gangue, the results show that: the moisture content of Huafeng coal gangue is lower, the volatile matter and calorific value of washed gangue are higher than other gangue, calorific value reaches 3 575 kJ/kg; the mineral composition of washed gangue, stored gangue and red gangue is mainly composed of quartz and clay minerals, the calcite content of large gangue is high, and the mineral composition of stored gangue is the most complex; the washed gangue and the large gangue are of layer and massive structure, the storing gangue and red gangue are earthy-like structure, the main chemical components are SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃,the ratio of acid to base is 3.9～6.1, and Se and Ga are highly enriched in coal gangue; through three-stage crushing and screening, the yields of coarse coal, stone and “soil” are 9.65%, 65.64% and 24.70% respectively, and 1.75% of clean coal, 65.64% of manufactured sand, 15.59% of kaolin and 17.02% of tailings are separated, the resource utilization of coal gangue by grading and quality separation and whole group grading is realized.更多还原