【摘要】 为了明确纳米银对草莓致病菌的生长抑制和病害防控效果以及纳米银的主要作用方式，采用室内菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发抑制法，测定了纳米银试剂对2种草莓致病菌菌丝生长的抑制效果和对3种草莓致病菌孢子萌发的抑制效果。之后对盆栽草莓进行保护和治疗试验，对田间草莓进行保护试验。室内毒力测定试验结果表明：纳米银试剂对草莓灰霉病菌（Botrytis cinerea）PHM9、草莓炭疽病菌（Colletotrichum gloeosporioides）CTJ4的菌丝生长和孢子萌发的EC50值分别为0.722、2.426 mg/L，有较好的抑制作用；对草莓白粉病菌（Podosphaera aphanis）PA1的孢子萌发也有一定的抑制作用，EC50值为5.395 mg/L。盆栽试验结果表明：在试验所设置的浓度范围内，纳米银对盆栽草莓有一定的保护效果，对灰霉病、炭疽病和白粉病的最高病斑扩展抑制率分别为66.76%、74.44%和65.41%，对应纳米银浓度分别为10、20、10 mg/L；对盆栽草莓的治疗效果较差，仅对白粉病有轻微的治疗效果，浓度为10 mg/L纳米银的治疗效果为31.68%。田间药效试验结果表明，纳米银能不同程度地抑制3种草莓病害病情指数的上涨，对灰霉病、炭疽病和白粉病的平均防治效果分别为70.66%、72.43%和61.74%。试验结果表明，纳米银对草莓的保护效果较好，可以有效防治灰霉病、炭疽病和白粉病，是一种具有良好发展前景的新型药剂。更多还原

【Abstract】 To clarify the growth inhibition and disease control effect of nano silver on strawberry pathogens and the main mode of action of nano silver. The inhibition effect of nano silver reagent on mycelial growth of two strawberry pathogenic fungi and the inhibition effect on spore germination of three strawberry pathogenic fungi were measured by indoor mycelial growth rate method and spore germination inhibition method. After that, protection and treatment tests were conducted on potted strawberries and protection tests were conducted on field strawberries. The results of indoor virulence assay showed that the nano silver reagent had a good inhibitory effect on mycelial growth and spore germination of Botrytis cinerea(PHM9) and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides(CTJ4) with EC50values of 0.722 mg/L and 2.426 mg/L, respectively; and on the spore germination of Podosphaera aphanis(PA1) with EC50values of 5.395 mg/L. The results of the pot test showed that nano silver had different effects on the control of different diseases, and within the concentration range set in the test,nano silver had a certain protective effect on potted strawberry, and the highest spot extension inhibition rates of gray mold,anthracnose and powdery mildew were 66.76%, 74.44% and 65.41%, corresponding to the application concentrations of 10mg/L, 20 mg/L and 10 mg/L, respectively; the therapeutic effect on potted strawberry was poor, with only a slight therapeutic effect on powdery mildew, and the therapeutic effect of 10 mg/L nano silver was 31.68%. The results of field efficacy tests showed that nano silver could inhibit the rise of disease indices of three strawberry diseases to different degrees, and the average control effects on gray mold, anthracnose and powdery mildew were 70.66%, 72.43% and 61.74%, respectively. The test results showed that the nano silver has better protection effect on strawberry and can effectively control gray mold,anthracnose and powdery mildew, which is a new type of agent with good development prospect.更多还原