【摘要】 为了深入了解民族地区高校专业布局情况，不断提升民族高校社会服务水平，对少数民族分布广泛的甘肃、青海、宁夏、新疆4省区地方本科高校专业布局现状进行全面调查和分析。发现当前我国民族地区地方本科高校专业设置呈现学科门类齐全、专业大类覆盖率高、专业数量较少、专业规模小、专业设置重复率高等特点，并且专业设置不平衡、专业设置的内在动力不足、专业结构与产业结构缺乏有效衔接的问题严重制约着民族地区地方本科高校专业建设质量。建议通过构建民族地区地方本科高校自主决策机制和政府宏观调控机制，引入市场竞争机制，强化学生参与机制4个方面优化专业布局，提升专业建设内涵。更多还原

【Abstract】 An overall survey and analysis has been conducted on the current situation of the distribution of majors at local colleges and universities in ethnic minority regions selected from Gansu and Qinghai provinces and Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region where there are a large population of minorities. The aim of the study is to look into the structure of majors at local ethnic colleges and universities, thus further improving their abilities to serve local social development. The study has found that the specialty setup of Chinese universities in ethnic areas has the following features: comprehensive classes of subjects, high rate of coverage of significant majors, less in the number of majors, a small scale in major and high repetition rate of majors.The unbalanced specialty setup, the lack of internal drive of specialty setup, the lack of valid connection between the structure of majors and industrial structure, all of these restrict the quality of the specialty setup of universities in ethnic areas. Therefore, the paper suggests four ways to improve the arrangement of the specialty setup and enhance the connotation of the construction of the specialty setup as follows: to construct the system of making decisions independently at local ethnic universities, to build the system of macro control of the government, to introduce the competition mechanism and enhance students’ participation.更多还原