【摘要】 为探究不同间作比例和施氮量对箭筈豌豆/燕麦间作系统叶性状的影响，设置了4个种植模式(燕麦单播、箭筈豌豆∶燕麦1∶2间作、箭筈豌豆∶燕麦2∶1间作和箭筈豌豆单播，分别表示为A、VA₁₂、VA₂₁和V)和3个氮肥水平(0、50和100 kg/hm²，分别表示为N₀、N₅₀和N₁₀₀)，测定了作物叶片性状和土壤矿质氮，并分析了相关性。结果表明：（1）随着施氮量的增加，燕麦叶面积、比叶面积和相对叶绿素含量逐渐升高，叶干物质含量逐渐降低；箭筈豌豆叶面积和相对叶绿素含量先升高后降低，而比叶面积和叶干物质含量在VA₂₁下N₅₀时分别出现最大值和最小值，为263.53 cm²/g和0.20 g/g;（2）间作下燕麦叶面积、相对叶绿素含量和比叶面积大于单播；箭筈豌豆叶面积和比叶面积仅在不施氮下间作大于单播；（3）除V外，N₁₀₀下土壤硝态氮含量最高，分别为96.13（A）、100.13(VA₁₂)和113.47 kg/ha(VA₂₁)，不同种植模式间硝态氮含量无明显规律，而铵态氮含量在A时最高；（4）燕麦叶面积、比叶面积、相对叶绿素含量和土壤硝态氮含量之间显著正相关，叶干物质含量与其它指标显著负相关。箭筈豌豆叶面积与比叶面积、相对叶绿素含量和土壤硝态氮含量显著正相关，叶干物质含量与叶面积、比叶面积和土壤硝态氮含量显著负相关。综上，间作和施氮引起土壤矿质氮含量变化，进而导致叶片形态结构的改变。VA₂₁下N₅₀时作物表现出较好的资源利用潜力，将更有利于干物质的积累，达到产量最大化。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study aimed to explore effects of different intercropping ratios and nitrogen （N） applica‐tions on leaf traits in a common vetch/oat intercropping system.Four cropping patterns were evaluated,including sole oat （A）,common vetch:oat 1∶2 (VA₁₂) and 2∶1 intercropping (VA₂₁),and sole common vetch （V）,with three levels of N fertilizer supplied (0 kg/hm²-N₀,50 kg/hm²-N₅₀,and 100 kg/hm²-N₁₀₀).Crop leaf traits and soil mineral nitrogen content were measured to analyze the relationships.The results showed that:（1） With an increase in N fertilizer application level,the leaf area,specific leaf area,and rela‐tive chlorophyll content of oat gradually increased,while the leaf dry matter content gradually decreased.For common vetch,leaf area and relative chlorophyll content initially increased and then decreased with a reduction in N fertilizer application.Specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content exhibited maximum and minimum values at N₅₀ under VA₂₁,reaching 263.5 cm²/g and 0.20 g/g,respectively.（2） Leaf area,rela‐tive chlorophyll content,and specific leaf area of oat were greater in the intercropping treatments than in sole oat treatment.For common vetch,leaf area and specific leaf area of were greater in the intercropping treatments than in sole common vetch treatment only at N₀.（3） Except for sole common vetch,soil nitrate nitrogen content was the highest at N₁₀₀,with values of 96.1 kg/ha,100.1 kg/ha,and 113.5 kg/ha,respectively.There was no consistent trend in the change of nitrate nitrogen content among different crop‐ping patterns,while ammonium nitrogen content was the highest under sole oat treatment.（4） Significant positive correlations were found between leaf area,specific leaf area,relative chlorophyll content of oats,and soil nitrate nitrogen content.Significant negative correlations were observed between leaf dry matter content and other indicators.Leaf area of common vetch was significantly positively correlated with specific leaf area,relative chlorophyll content,and soil nitrate nitrogen content.Leaf dry matter content was signifi‐cantly negatively correlated with leaf area,specific leaf area,and soil nitrate nitrogen content.In sum‐mary,intercropping and N fertilizer application influenced soil available N content,leading to changes in leaf morphological structure.Crops at N₅₀ under VA₂₁ exhibited better resource utilization potential,which is conducive to the accumulation of dry matter and maximizing yield.更多还原