【摘要】 目的 分析了解厦门地区呼吸道感染住院患儿7种常见呼吸道病毒感染情况及流行病学特征，为疾病监测和防控策略的制定提供依据。方法 收集2016年3月—2020年2月厦门市儿童医院35 678例急性呼吸道感染住院患儿标本，采用直接荧光免疫方法检测流感病毒A型(IFA)、流感病毒B型(IFB)、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、腺病毒(ADV)、副流感病毒1型(PIV1)、副流感病毒2型(PIV2)及副流感病毒3型(PIV3)7种呼吸道病毒抗原，分析各呼吸道病毒感染情况。结果 35 678例急性呼吸道感染儿童中，呼吸道病毒检测阳性者7 957例，阳性率为13.89%。感染7种常见呼吸道病毒构成比以RSV最高(58.67%),其次是ADV(17.24%)、PIV3(2.7%)。不同性别患儿感染7种常见呼吸道病毒比较，差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同季节患儿感染7种常见呼吸道病毒构成比较，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组患儿感染7种常见呼吸道病毒除PIV1无统计学意义(P>0.05)外，感染其余病毒均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。7 957例患者感染呼吸道常见病毒中的两种或两种以上病毒171例，占2.15%。结论 厦门地区急性呼吸道感染患儿一年四季均可感染7种常见呼吸道病毒，患儿在不同季节、不同年龄段感染的呼吸道病毒存在差异，少部分患儿可同时感染两种或两种以上病毒。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the detection rates and epidemiological characteristics of 7 kinds of common respiratory viruses of pediatric patients hospitalized in Xiamen Children’s Hospital for disease surveillance and prevention and control strategy.Methods The nasopharynx swabs or lavage fluid were collected from 35 678 cases of hospitalized children with acute respiratory infection from March 2016 to February 2020 in Xiamen Children’s Hospital.Influenza A,B(IFA,IFB),Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),Adenovirus(ADV)and Parainfluenza 1,2,3(PIV1,PIV2,PIV3)were detected by direct immunofluorescence method and Analysis of respiratory tract virus infection.Results Among 35 678 cases, 7 957 cases of viral antigen were positive, the positive rate of viral infection was 13.89%.Constituent ratio of seven common respiratory viruses, RSV was the highest(58.67%),followed by ADV(17.24%),PIV3(2.7%).There was no significant difference in 7 kinds of respiratory viruses in different genders(P>0.05)and there were significant differences in the composition of 7 common respiratory viruses among different seasons(P<0.05).There was no significant differences in most respiratory virus among pediatric patients of different ages except for PIV1.Among 7 957 cases, 171 cases(2.15%) were infected by two or more pathogens.Conclusion 7 kinds of common respiratory viruses can be infected in all seasons of the year in children with acute respiratory tract.There were significant differences in different seasons and different ages(except for PIV1).And there was no significant difference in gender.A small number of children can be infected with two or more virus pathogens at the same time.更多还原