【摘要】 隧道掘进中光面爆破的超欠挖、开挖轮廓线不光滑及爆破效率低是施工中最为关心的问题。针对异形孔水包爆破破岩机理的问题，基于岩石爆破损伤分区理论，拟合并推导出异形孔水包爆破的孔壁冲击力计算式及围岩粉碎区的计算式P_d=3 028.4K^-1.021_d及围岩粉碎区的计算式R_c=（P/N[P_r]）^1/α（r_b+l）。以重庆市黔江区正阳镇隧道为依托，以自制钻头为工具，通过异形孔水包爆破与常规爆破的对比试验以及岩石爆破损伤阈值的数值模拟，验证了计算式的可靠性。结果表明：前者公式拟合精度为R²=0.996,后者围岩粉碎范围的理论值与实测值吻合；该爆破方式即使在复杂岩石节理中也能产生光滑的隧道开挖轮廓线；炸药径向不耦合系数K_d≤1.5内，炸药量的增加对围岩粉碎区的影响甚少，其主要对破裂区产生影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 In tunnel driving, the over-under-excavated values of smooth blasting, the uneven contour of excavation and low blasting efficiency are the most concerned problems in construction. Aiming at the problem of rock breaking mechanism by special-shaped hole water bag blasting, based on the theory of blasting.T,the calculation formula P_d=3 028.4K^-1.021_d of hole wall impact force of special-shaped hole water bag blasting is was fitted, and the calculation formula R_c=（P/N[P_r]）^1/α（r_b+l） of surrounding rock crushing area is was derived. Based on the tunnel in Zhengyang Town, Qianjiang District, Chongqing, and with the self-made drill bit as the tool, the reliability of the calculation formula is was verified through the comparative experiment of special-shaped hole water bag blasting and conventional blasting and the numerical simulation of rock blasting damage threshold. The results show that the fitting accuracy of hole wall impact force formula is R²=0.996, the theoretical value of surrounding rock crushing range formula is consistent with the measured value. This blasting method generates a smooth tunnel excavation profile even in complex rock joints, Radial radial decoupling coefficient K_d of explosive, and the increase of explosive content in ≤1.5 has little effect on the crushed area of surrounding rock when K_d≤1.5, which mainly affects the fracture area.更多还原