【摘要】 为了强化齿面，提高齿轮表面的使役性能，使用一种新的纵-扭复合强化加工方法对齿轮进行强化。首先，基于赫兹接触理论和齿轮啮合理论，建立了纵-扭超声滚压齿面等效应力的理论模型；其次采用有限元仿真技术对该加工方式进行了模拟；最后利用已经搭建好的试验平台进行了一系列的纵-扭超声对滚齿面强化试验。通过对比仿真与理论结果对比，施加纵-扭超声后可以有效的提高接触应力，中有无超声振动接触应力提高约1.7倍～2倍，致使齿轮表面材料发生屈服进而完成。试验结果进一步表明纵-扭超声滚强化压改善了齿面的表面特性。当施加纵-扭复合超声振动时，齿面残余应力随阻尼力矩增大而增加，沿齿廓方向残余应力呈现先增大后减小趋势，在节圆处残余应力值最大。齿面的显微硬度HV_1.0数值沿齿廓呈现时变特性，超声滚压强化加工可以改善齿面表面形貌。与传统滚压相比，超声滚压强化后表面峰谷间距加宽，粗糙度降幅可达45%～55%。因此，纵-扭超声对滚强化加工可以实现齿面强化、改善齿面特性，提高残余压应力和显微硬度、降低表面粗糙度并提高齿面质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Here, to strengthen tooth surface and improve service performance of gear surface, a new longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic rolling strengthening method was used to strengthen gear. Firstly, based on Hertz contact theory and gear meshing theory, the theoretical model of equivalent stress of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic rolling tooth surface was established. Secondly, this machining method was simulated with the finite element simulation technique. Finally, a series of longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic rolling tooth surface strengthening tests were conducted on the established test platform. By comparing simulation results with the theoretical results, it was shown that contact stress can be effectively increased after applying longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic rolling; before and after using ultrasonic rolling, contact stress increases by about 1.7-2 times to make gear surface material have yield and then complete gear processing. The test results further showed that longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic rolling strengthening pressure improves surface characteristics of tooth surface; when longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic vibration is applied, residual stress on tooth surface increases with increase in damping torque, and residual stress along tooth profile increases firstly and then decreases, the maximum residual stress occurs at pitch circle; microhardness HV_1.0 value on tooth surface is time-varying along tooth profile; ultrasonic rolling strengthening processing can improve surface morphology of tooth surface, compared with traditional rolling, distance between peaks and valleys of tooth surface after strengthened with ultrasonic rolling is widened, and roughness decreases by 45%-55%; thus, longitudinal-torsional ultrasonic rolling strengthening processing can realize tooth surface strengthening, improve tooth surface characteristics, increase residual compressive stress and microhardness, reduce surface roughness and improve tooth surface quality.更多还原