【摘要】 精准高效的坐标获取方式在模态分析的参数识别和性能优化等方面具有重要意义。基于模态试验中刚体振动的原理，分析其线参量和角参量的转换关系，推导出获取激励和响应坐标的方程，并结合质量线法得到惯性参数表达式。通过研究坐标获取误差的影响因素，搭建发动机动力学模型的仿真试验平台，进一步验证坐标获取与惯性参数识别的方法。以某型号变速箱总成为试验对象，利用基于最小二乘的卷积拟合算法(Savitzky-Golay, SG)对数据平滑滤波处理，对比电子三维坐标仪法、三维模型法与所提方法在坐标获取中的精度，然后选用质量线法识别惯性参数，并将其与MPC转动惯量测试平台计算的结果进行讨论。结果表明：相较传统方法，所提方法直接从模态试验中获取坐标，效率极大提升，成本显著降低，操作更加简便；同时几何坐标获取和质心坐标识别的最大误差在3 mm左右，转动惯量相对误差最大不超过7%,其精度优于部分测量方法，具有一定的工程应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Accurate and efficient coordinate acquisition is of great significance in parametric identification and performance optimization of modal analysis. Here, based on the principle of rigid body vibration in modal tests, transformation relations between linear parameters and angular parameters were analyzed, equations for obtaining excitation and response coordinates were derived, and expressions of inertial parameters were obtained by combining the mass line method. By studying influencing factors of coordinate acquisition error, a simulation test platform of engine dynamic model was built to further verify methods for coordinate acquisition and inertial parametric identification. Taking a certain type gearbox assembly as the test object, the least square-based convolution fitting algorithm called Savitzky Golay(SG) algorithm was used to smooth and filter test data, accuracies in coordinate acquisition of the electronic 3D coordinate instrument method, the 3D model method and the proposed method were compared. Then, the mass line method was used to identify inertial parameters, and the identified results and the calculation results of the MPC rotary inertia test platform were discussed. The study showed that compared with traditional methods, the proposed method can obtain coordinates directly from modal tests, its efficiency is greatly improved, its cost is significantly reduced, and it is easier to operate; maximum errors of geometric coordinate acquisition and mass center coordinate identification are about 3 mm, and the maximum relative error of rotary inertia is not more than 7%; its accuracy is better than those of some measuring methods, it has a certain engineering application value.更多还原