【摘要】 火工冲击环境是卫星等航天器经历的最恶劣的力学环境之一，尤其是航天器与运载火箭分离时的冲击最为恶劣。星箭分离冲击会影响有冲击敏感元件的设备甚至航天器的正常工作，严重时甚至能导致发射任务的失败。因此，有必要研究火工冲击环境的抑制措施。针对某金属框架微纳卫星在研制阶段星箭分离实验过程中冲击响应过大的问题，结合火工冲击载荷来源、火工冲击传递机理以及火工冲击抑制方法，对整星进行了冲击载荷缓冲装置设计并进行了冲击及振动实验验证。实验结果表明，该火工冲击缓冲装置能够将冲击载荷降低70%以上，对航天产品的抗冲击分析及合理的结构设计具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Pyrotechnic impact environment is one of the worst mechanical environments experienced by satellites and other spacecrafts, especially, when a spacecraft is separated from launch rocket. Star arrow separation impact can affect normal operation of equipment with impact sensitive elements and even spacecraft, and even lead to failure of launch mission in serious cases. Therefore, it is necessary to study suppression measures of pyrotechnic impact environment. Here, aiming at the problem of excessive impact response in star arrow separation test of a metal frame micro/nano satellite during development stage, combined with source of pyrotechnic impact load, pyrotechnic impact transmission mechanism and pyrotechnic impact suppression method, the impact load buffer device for the whole satellite was designed and verified with impact and vibration tests. The test results showed that the pyrotechnic impact buffer device can reduce impact load by more than 70%; the study results are very important for anti-impact analysis and reasonable structural design of aerospace products.更多还原