【摘要】 为探究救援人员数量对特殊人群疏散的影响，根据疏散时特殊人群行为模式，运用Pathfinder仿真软件，对某特殊人群居住建筑建立基于协助比的疏散仿真模型，模拟不同特殊人群协助比参数，分析不同协助比对于疏散时间的影响；结果显示，楼梯间为影响疏散时间的主要区域，因此，根据原模型中的参数变化情况，建立不同人群疏散速度的楼梯间局部疏散模型，研究不同工况下楼梯间人员疏散速度随协助比的变化情况。研究表明：疏散时间与特殊人群协助比呈“U”型曲线相关，先随协助比升高而降低，在40%(2∶5)时达到最小值，之后随协助比增加而上升；不同协助比时，疏散时间主要受楼梯通过速度影响，低协助比时，楼梯通过速度受楼梯间速度降低系数影响显著，高协助比时，受正常人协助时自身速度下降影响显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore the influence of the number of rescuers on the evacuation of special populations, according to the behavior mode of special populations during evacuation, pathfinder simulation software was used to eatablish an evacuation simulation model based on the assistance ratio for a residential building of a special population. The parameters of the assistance ratio of different special populations were simulated, and the influence of different assistance ratios on evacuation time was analyzed. The results show that the stairwell is the main area affecting the evacuation time. Therefore, according to the parameter changes in the original model, a local evacuation model of the stairwell with different crowd evacuation speeds is established to study the evacuation speed of the stairwell under different working conditions. The results show that the evacuation time is related to the assistance ratio of special population in a U-shaped curve, which decreases with the increase of assistance ratio, reaches the minimum at 40%(2∶5), and then increases with the increase of assistance ratio. When the assist ratio is different, the evacuation time is mainly affected by the speed of the stairs. When the assist ratio is low, the speed of the stairs is significantly affected by the speed reduction coefficient of the stairwell. When the assist ratio is high, the speed of the normal person is significantly affected.更多还原