【摘要】 中子诱发单粒子效应会影响航空飞行器和地面核设施用电子器件的可靠性。基于质子加速器打靶产生的白光中子束是研究电子器件中子单粒子效应的重要中子源。通过开展辐照实验获取器件中子单粒子效应截面或阈值等信息，能够预测器件在中子辐射环境中的失效率，并为有针对性抗辐射加固提供数据支撑。中国原子能科学研究院100 MeV质子回旋加速器（CYCIAE-100）通过质子轰击W靶发生散裂反应可以产生具有连续能量的白光中子。本文基于核反应理论，采用蒙特卡罗方法模拟了100 MeV质子与W靶相互作用产生的中子的产额、能谱和角分布，模拟结果表明，平均1个100 MeV质子可以产生0.33个中子；中子能量范围为0～100 MeV,且随着能量的增加中子注量先增加后减小，峰值在1 MeV附近；沿质子束方向中子角分布具有轴对称性，且随着出射角的增加，中子注量先减小后增加，在90°时，中子注量最小。选取0°出射方向的中子束开展单粒子效应实验，采用基于双液闪探测器的中子飞行时间法测量白光中子能谱，获得了能量范围为3～100 MeV的中子能谱，且当质子束为100 MeV/1μA时，在距离W靶15 m处的中子注量率为3.3×10⁴ cm^-2·s^-1,满足中子单粒子效应实验要求。更多还原

【Abstract】 Neutron-induced single event effects have potential influence on the reliability of electronic devices in aircraft and ground-based nuclear facilities. The white neutron source, generated by heavy metal target bombardment from proton accelerators, is an important tool for studying these effects. Neutron irradiation experiments can provide valuable information such as cross section or threshold for neutron single event effects, allowing prediction of device failure rates in neutron irradiation environments and providing data to support electronic device radiation hardening. Protons from the CYCIAE-100, a 100 MeV proton cyclotron accelerator in China Institute of Atomic Energy, bombard a tungsten target and undergo a scattering reaction, producing white neutrons. Based on nuclear reaction theory and Monte Carlo method, the yield, spectrum, and angular distribution of neutrons produced from the interaction between 100 MeV protons and a tungsten target were simulated. The results show that each 100 MeV proton can produce 0.33 neutrons on average. The neutron energy range is 0-100 MeV, the neutron fluence initially rises and then declines as the energy increases, with the peak occurring near 1 MeV. The angular distribution of the neutrons along the direction of the proton beam is observed to be axisymmetric, and as the emission angle increases, the neutron fluence first decreases and then increases, with the lowest neutron fluence occurring at 90°. The neutron beam in the emission direction of 0° is selected to carry out the single event effect experiment. The energy spectrum of white neutrons is measured by the neutron time-of-flight method based on two liquid scintillation detectors. The neutron energy spectrum is obtained in the range of 3-100 MeV, and when the proton beam is 100 MeV/1 μA, the neutron flux is 3.3×10⁴ cm^-2·s^-1 at the distance of 15 m from the W target, which meets the requirements of neutron single event effect experiments. Due to the fact that the neutron energy of CYCIAE-100 white neutron source is limited to a maximum of 100 MeV, a direct simulation of the atmospheric neutron energy spectrum is unattainable. Also, disparities exist between the energy spectrum of this neutron source and that of the neutron radiation environment in nuclear industry. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the single event effect response of the device under irradiation with different energies neutron and to explore the development of an accurate approach for experimental evaluation of neutron single event effects.更多还原