【摘要】 目的 探讨运动或/和镁(Mg²⁺)补充对二型糖尿病（T2DM）小鼠主动脉重塑的影响，为糖尿病及其血管并发症的防治提供理论依据。方法 38只清洁级C57B/L6J小鼠随机分为正常饮食组（n=6）和高脂饮食联合腹腔链脲佐菌素（STZ）注射组（n=32）用以构建T2DM模型，模型构建成功后将T2DM小鼠随机分为4组：T2DM对照组（n=8）、T2DM运动组（n=8）、T2DM补镁组（n=8）和T2DM运动补镁组（n=8），运动组进行8w的有氧跑台运动，跑台速度为12m/min，补镁组以100mg/kg·day小鼠体重进行8w的Mg²⁺补充。血清糖脂代谢和Mg²⁺使用相应的生化试剂盒检测；血清IL-1β、TNF-α和胰岛素使用ELISA试剂盒检测。HE、Masson和Verhoeff-Van Gieson染色检测小鼠主动脉厚度、胶原纤维和弹性纤维含量；RT-PCR检测小鼠去内皮主动脉平滑肌表型和炎症相关mRNA。结果（1）与正常饮食组相比，高脂饮食联合腹腔STZ注射组小鼠随机血糖、空腹胰岛素和糖耐量显著升高，提示T2DM小鼠模型构建成功。（2）与T2DM对照组相比，8w的跑台运动或/和Mg²⁺补充改善了T2DM小鼠糖脂代谢，降低了血清IL-1β和TNF-α浓度，并且联合干预效果大于单独的跑台运动或Mg²⁺补充。（3）与T2DM对照组相比，8w的跑台运动或/和Mg²⁺补充降低了T2DM小鼠主动脉厚度，平衡了主动脉胶原纤维与弹性纤维比例，并且联合干预效果大于单独的跑台运动或Mg²⁺补充。（4）与T2DM对照组相比，8w的跑台运动或/和Mg²⁺补充增加了T2DM小鼠主动脉平滑肌收缩型标志物α-SMA和SM22mRNA水平，降低了小鼠主动脉平滑肌合成型标志物OPN和epiregulin和炎症基因NF-κB p65 mRNA水平，并且联合干预效果大于单独的跑台运动或Mg²⁺补充。结论 8w的跑台运动或/和Mg²⁺补充可以改善T2DM小鼠糖脂代谢、炎症状态和主动脉重塑，且联合干预效果大于单独的跑台运动或Mg²⁺补充。[营养学报，2023,45（6）:574-582]更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of 8 weeks treadmill exercise or/and magnesium(Mg²⁺supplementation on aortic remodeling in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of T2DM and its vascular complications. Methods Thirty-eight C57B/L6J mice were randomly divided into a normal diet group（n=6） and a high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal（streptozotocin） STZ injection group（n=32） to establish a T2DM model. After the model was successfully established, the T2DM mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: T2DM control group（n=8）, T2DM exercise group（n=8）, T2DM Mg²⁺ supplementation group（n=8） and T2DM exercise combined with Mg²⁺ supplementation group（n=8）. The exercise group performed aerobic treadmill exercise for 8weeks, and the treadmill speed was 12m/min. The Mg²⁺ supplementation group was supplemented with Mg²⁺ at 100 mg/（kg·d）for 8 weeks. Serum glucose and lipid metabolism and Mg²⁺ were detected by corresponding biochemical kits. Serum IL-1β,TNF-α and insulin were detected by ELISA kits. HE, Masson and Verhoeff-Van Gieson staining were used to detect the thickness of aorta, collagen fiber and elastic fiber. RT-PCR was used to detect the smooth muscle phenotype and inflammation-related mRNA expression of the endothelium-removed aortas. Results（1） Compared with the normal diet group, the random blood glucose, fasting insulin and glucose tolerance of the mice in the high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal STZ injection group were significantly increased, suggesting that the T2DM mouse model was successfully constructed.（2） Compared with the T2DM control group, 8 weeks of treadmill exercise or/and Mg²⁺ supplementation improved glucose and lipid metabolism, reduced serum IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations in T2DM mice, and the combined intervention was more effective than treadmill exercise or Mg²⁺ supplementation alone.（3） Compared with the T2DM control group, 8 weeks of treadmill exercise or/and Mg²⁺ supplementation reduced the thickness of the aorta in T2DM mice, balanced the ratio of aortic collagen fibers and elastic fibers, and the combined intervention effect was greater than that of treadmill exercise or Mg²⁺ supplementation alone.（4） Compared with the T2DM control group, 8 weeks treadmill exercise or/and Mg²⁺supplementation increased the mRNA levels of aortic smooth muscle contractile markers α-SMA and SM22α, decreased the mRNA levels of aortic smooth muscle synthetic markers OPN and epiregulin and the inflammatory gene NF-κB p65, and the combined intervention was more effective than treadmill exercise or Mg²⁺ supplementation alone. Conclusion Eight weeks treadmill exercise or/and Mg²⁺ supplementation can improve glucose and lipid metabolism, inflammatory state and aortic remodeling in T2DM mice, and the combined intervention was more effective than treadmill exercise or Mg²⁺supplementation alone. [ACTA NUTRIMENTA SINICA,2023,45（6）:574-582 ]更多还原