【摘要】 结核病是全球最关注的公共卫生问题之一。结核分枝杆菌的实验室检测及早筛查出潜伏性结核感染者和活动性结核病，已成为当前控制结核菌感染的重中之重。随着分子诊断技术的发展，其在结核分枝杆菌病原学检测中的应用已不简单的局限于实时荧光聚合酶链反应技术，出现了更多灵敏度高、特异性好、样本类型应用广的新型技术。极大地提高了结核分枝杆菌的实验室检出率。应用先进的分子诊断技术提高实验室对活动性结核病的早期诊断及潜伏性结核的诊断能力，帮助临床根据患者的个体化病情选择与之相对应的实验室检测技术，制定合理的诊疗方案，仍是分子诊断领域未来需全力解决的问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 Tuberculosis is one of the most concerned public health issues worldwide. Laboratory detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) and early screening of latent tuberculosis infected people and active tuberculosis have become the top priority in the current control of tuberculosis infection. With the development of molecular diagnostic technology, MTB and pathogen detection has not been simply limited to real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction(PCR) technology. More new technologies with high sensitivity, good specificity and wide application of sample types have emerged. Those new technologies have greatly improved the laboratory detection rate of TMB. The application of advanced molecular diagnosis technology to improve the early diagnosis of active tuberculosis in the laboratory, help the clinics to choose corresponding laboratory detection technology and develop the reasonable diagnosis and treatment plan, still is a problem to be solved in the field of molecular diagnosis in the future.更多还原