【摘要】 为研究激光加工工艺参数对厚度为1 mm的304不锈钢切割质量的影响，设计Box-Behnken试验，采用2 kW光纤激光切割机对不锈钢进行切割试验，使用3D测量显微镜与高精度电子秤测量切面粗糙度与试样挂渣量，分析激光切割机的不同工艺参数(激光功率、切割速度、辅助气压、离焦量)对切割质量的影响规律。试验结果表明，激光功率和切割速度是挂渣量重要影响因素，激光功率和离焦量是粗糙度重要影响因素。根据试验测量结果结合响应面法得到了粗糙度和挂渣量的三维响应面模型，依据响应面模型的拟合结果，并以挂渣量和粗糙度最小为指标，利用遗传算法对激光切割工艺参数进行优化，得到一组最佳工艺参数组合为：激光功率1 175 W,切割速度3.55 m/min,辅助气体压力1.55 MPa,离焦量0.48 mm。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the influence of laser cutting processing parameters on the cutting quality of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 1 mm, a Box-Behnken experiment was designed. A 2 kW fiber laser cutting machine was employed to perform this process while a 3D measurement microscope and precision electronic scale were utilized to gauge the sectional roughness and slag thickness respectively. The study sought to analyze how different process parameters(namely: laser power, cutting speed, auxiliary gas pressure, defocusing amount) influenced the cutting quality. The experimental results show that both laser power and cutting speed significantly impacted the slag thickness, whereas laser power and defocusing amount considerably affected roughness. Drawing upon these experimental results, the response surface method was adopted to develop a three-dimensional response surface model representing both surface roughness and slag thickness. According to the fitting results of the response surface model, and taking the minimum slag thickness and roughness as the index, the laser cutting process parameters were optimized using a genetic algorithm. This yielded a set of optimal process parameters: laser power at 1,175 W, cutting speed at 3.55 m/min, auxiliary gas pressure at 1.55 MPa, and defocusing amount at 0.48 mm.更多还原