【摘要】 目的 了解深圳市居民区排水管网鼠类侵害程度及不同月份鼠类侵害程度变化，为深圳市居民区排水管网鼠类监测和防治提供参考依据。方法 调查前14天在深圳市福田区、盐田区、南山区的居民区排水管网放置蜡块，调查当天观察蜡块的盗食情况，通过蜡块盗食率了解排水管网鼠类侵害程度。结果 3个区14天总体蜡块盗食率为57.49%,福田区盗食率最高(61.76%),南山区的盗食率最低(53.67%),3个区盗食率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.219,P<0.05);5次调查中，3个区最高和最低总体蜡块盗食率分别在7月底(82.46%)和11月(44.78%),福田区最高和最低蜡块盗食率分别在7月底(89.80%)和11月(43.36%),盐田区最高和最低蜡块盗食率分别在7月底(78.57%)和11月(36.51%),南山区最高和最低蜡块盗食率分别在7月底(73.91%)和3月(44.38%);150口双蜡块井调查中，溴敌隆蜡块被盗食且溴鼠灵蜡块未被盗食的井数为16口，溴敌隆蜡块未被盗食且溴鼠灵蜡块被盗食的井数为3口，2种成份的蜡块盗食情况差异有统计学意义(χ~2=7.579,P<0.01)。结论 深圳市居民区排水管网鼠类侵害程度较重(57.49%);5次调查中总体和各区的盗食率高峰均在7月底，低峰在11月或3月；本次调查所用蜡块溴敌隆成份适口性较溴鼠灵好，更适合在深圳排水管网监测使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand rodent infestation levels and the changes of rodent infestation levels among different months in the drainage networks in the residential areas in Shenzhen, in order to provide a reference basis for monitoring and controlling rodent infestations in the drainage networks in the residential areas in Shenzhen.Methods The wax blocks were placed in the drainage networks in the residential areas in Futian, Yantian and Nanshan Districts in Shenzhen 14 days before the investigation.The feeding of the wax blocks was observed on the day of the investigation to understand the rodent infestations in the drainage networks.Results The total feeding rate was 57.49% for 14 days in three districts.Statistical differences existed in the feeding rates between the three districts(χ~2=7.219,P<0.05) with the highest rate(61.76%) in Futian District, and the lowest rate(53.67%) in Nanshan District in the five surveys, the total highest and lowest feeding rates in the three districts appeared at the end of July(82.46%),and November(44.78%),respectively.In Futian District, the highest and lowest feeding rates appeared at the end of July(89.80%),and November(43.36%),respectively.In Yantian District, the highest and lowest feeding rates appeared at the end of July(78.57%),and November(36.51%),respectively.In Nanshan District, the highest and lowest feeding rates appeared at the end of July(73.91%),and March(44.38%),respectively.In the surveys of 150 wells including the double wax blocks, the number of wells where the bromadiolone wax blocks were eaten while the brodifacoum wax blocks were not eaten was 16,and the number of wells where the brodifacoum wax blocks were eaten while the bromadiolone wax blocks were not eaten was 3.A statistical difference existed in the feeding rates of the wax blocks with the two different components(χ~2=7.579,P<0.01).Conclusion The rodent infestations were severe in the drainage networks in the residential areas in Shenzhen(57.49%).The total and district-specific high peak values of the feeding rates appeared at the end of July, and the low peak values emerged in November or March in the five surveys.The bromadiolone wax blocks had better palatability than brodifacoum in the investigation and were more appropriate for use in monitoring the rodent infestations in the drainage networks in Shenzhen.更多还原