【摘要】 目的 降低青海省4个水库库区喜马拉雅旱獭和鼠密度，防止水库蓄水时随着水位的升高，库区内喜马拉雅旱獭和鼠向非淹没区迁移，致使库区周边喜马拉雅旱獭和鼠密度增加，引发鼠间和人间鼠疫流行。方法 按水流的方向选3条路线，即靠水库中心河道、水库两边最高淹没线处，顺水流方向用路线法调查喜马拉雅旱獭密度；鼠密度用鼠夹法，用花生或黄豆作诱饵，选取不同生境的路线用5 m夹线法调查鼠密度，昼行鼠调查时鼠夹晨放晚收，夜行鼠调查时鼠夹晚放晨收。结果 青海省4个水库库区喜马拉雅旱獭密度为0%,“引大济湟”库区鼠密度为0.31%;哇沿水库鼠密度为0.16%;马什格样水库鼠密度为0.32%;尕干水库鼠密度为0.80%,鼠密度均小于1.00%。结论 青海省4个水库库区喜马拉雅旱獭密度为0%,小型鼠密度均小于1.00%,达到《鼠疫控制及其考核原则与方法》(GB 15922—1995)要求的控制标准，无蓄水后发生鼠疫的风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To reduce the density of Marmota himalayana and rodents, and to prevent the migration of Marmota himalayana and rodents to non-submerged areas with increase in the water level in areas of four reservoirs which caused increase in the density of Marmota himalayana and rodents around the reservoir areas and epidemic of rodent and human plague.Methods Three routes in the direction of water flow, one namely near the central channel of the reservoir and both highest inundations line of reservoirs, were selected, the density of Marmota himalayana was investigated by route method along the direction of water flow.The density of rodent was investigated by using the trap method in which the peanut or soybean was used as the bait, and the 5-meter trap method was used in different habitats.The trap was unfolded in the morning and folded in the evening for the survey on diurnal rodent, and the trap was unfolded in the evening and folded in the morning during the survey on nocturnal rodents.Results The density of Marmota himalayana in four reservoir areas of Qinghai was 0%,and that of rodents in the “Yindajihuang” Reservoir Area was 0.31%.The density of rodents in Wayan Reservoir, Mashengeyang Reservoir and Gagan Reservoir was 0.16%,0.32%,and 0.80%,respectively, and the density of rodents in all the four reservoir areas was less than 1.00%.Conclusion The density of Marmota himalayana in the four reservoir areas of Qinghai is 0%,and the density of small-sized rodents is less than 1.00%,meeting the control criterion set out the Plague Control and Assessment Principles and Methods(GB 15922—1995),and there is no risk of plague after impoundment.更多还原