【摘要】 目的 基于宏基因组技术研究哈蟆油（OR）对大鼠肠道菌群的影响，用组学技术表征OR的功效。方法 雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和OR组。OR组大鼠以200 mg·kg^-1剂量的OR匀浆每日灌胃，对照组以等体积生理盐水灌胃。14 d后，采集大鼠粪便进行宏基因组测序，对测序结果进行基因预测、丰度分析、物种注释及京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）功能注释。结果 在门水平上OR可以显著升高放线菌门相对丰度（P <0.05），在纲水平上OR可以显著升高放线菌纲相对丰度（P <0.05），在目水平上OR可以显著升高双歧杆菌目相对丰度（P <0.05）。两组大鼠肠道菌群在门和属水平上的β多样性存在差异。线性判别效应大小分析（LEfSe）筛选出两组间35种显著差异菌种。KEGG功能注释结果显示，在Level 1层级上注释到新陈代谢类通路的基因最多。组间差异分析表明，OR组注释到免疫系统、环境适应及癌症相关通路的相对丰度产生变化。结论 改变大鼠肠道菌群相对丰度及多样性、调节脂质及氨基酸代谢通路可能是OR营养保健和治疗疾病的潜在机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study the effect of Oviductus Ranae（OR） on gut microbiota of rats based on macrogenomic technology, and to characterize the efficacy of OR by histological techniques. Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group and the OR group. Rats in the OR group were gavaged daily with 200 mg·kg^-1 dose of OR homogenate,while rats in the control group were gavaged with an equal volume of saline. After 14 days,rat feces were collected for macro-genome sequencing, and the sequencing results were subjected to gene prediction, abundance analysis, species annotation and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） functional annotation. Results OR significantly increased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria at the phylum level and the class level（P<0.05）, and Bifidobacteriales at the order level（P<0.05）. ■ere were differences in the Beta diversity of the intestinal flora of the two groups of rats at the phylum and genus levels. Linear discriminant analysis found 35 significantly different bacteria between two groups. The KEGG functional annotation results showed that most genes were annotated to metabolic pathways at the Level 1. ■e analysis of differences between groups showed that the OR group annotated the relative abundance of pathways related to the immune system, environmental adaptation and cancers changed. Conclusion Altering the relative abundance and diversity of rat gut microbiota and modulating lipid and amino acid metabolic pathways may be potential mechanisms for OR nutritional care and disease treatment.更多还原