【摘要】 目的:药用全蝎市场需求旺盛，导致市面上出现了大量易混肴种，急需对基原性状与成分差异进行评价。方法:通过收集不同产区资源，鉴定基原与蛋白成分差异，评价其性状优劣。结果:经鉴定，采集的蝎子除东亚钳蝎外，还鉴定出细尖狼蝎、条纹木蝎；就毒囊来看，东亚钳蝎的毒囊尺寸与蛋白含量最优，为422.87μm×293.74μm与（601.6±432.3）μg/mL;而对抗癫痫肽类成分进行分析，东亚钳蝎中Na⁺/K⁺毒素肽、蝎毒素类物质含量最高，其次为细尖狼蝎，而条纹木蝎中仅对部分Ca²⁺毒素肽存在较高表达。结论:东亚钳蝎在毒囊尺寸与蛋白成分上均要优于其他蝎种，是全蝎类药材的优质基原。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:Currently, there is a strong market demand for medicinal scorpions and an extreme shortage of wild Scorpion sources, resulting in a large number of confused products on the market.It is urgent to evaluate the differences of characters and components of Scorpions in the market.Methods:In this study, we collected Scorpion samples from different production areas; identified their basal species and combined with mass spectrometry techniques to determine the composition of venom proteins in Scorpion venom sacs.The quality of Scorpion was evaluated by the kind and content of protein in venom.Results:The Scorpions collected were identified to include Buthus martensii,Lychas mucronatus and Centruroides vittatus.In terms of venom storage and secretion organs, the largest venom sac was(422.87×293.74)μm in the B.martensii and had the highest protein content at(7 601.6±432.3)μg/mL.Further analysis of the antiepileptic proteins showed relatively high levels of Potassium and Sodium ionotoxin peptides and neurotoxins in B.martensii,followed by the L.mucronatus,while in the C.vittatus only a high expression of some Calcium ionotoxin peptides was present.Conclusion:The B.martensii not only has the highest venom sac size compared to other species, but also has the highest content of effective constituents, and making it a high-quality base species for medicine.更多还原