【摘要】 地衣内生真菌多样的次生代谢产物具有良好的生物活性，正成为一种新兴的生物资源，具有广泛的应用潜力，因此获得大量合适的地衣内生真菌菌株尤为关键。以东北大兴安岭和云南丽江地区地卷属Peltigera地衣为试验材料，采用皮层剥离法进行内生真菌的分离、培养和纯化；分析内生真菌的分离率和定殖率；根据内生真菌菌落、菌丝及孢子特征，选取代表性菌株进行DNA提取，nrDNA-ITS测序并通过GenBank数据库搜索同源序列，Mafft进行序列比对分析其物种多样性。结果显示，从大兴安岭地区采集的8种地卷属地衣中分离283株内生真菌，平均分离率为25.82%，定殖率为22.17%；从丽江地区采集的2种地卷属地衣中分离81株内生真菌，平均分离率为54.36%，定殖率为42.28%。从62个测序菌株中确定了53个种级分类单元，隶属于10纲、19目、32科的38属。其中41种属于子囊菌门，11种属于担子菌门，1种属于毛霉菌门。地卷属地衣内生真菌物种组成成分的优势科为炭角菌科Xylariaceae和炭团菌科Hypoxylaceae，二者相对频率皆达16.21%；优势属为炭团菌属Hypoxylon，其相对频率为11.26%。结果表明，地卷属地衣具有较为丰富的地衣内生真菌资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 Because of the good bioactivity of their diverse secondary metabolites, endolichenic fungi(ELF) are becoming novel bioresource with extensive potential application. It is particularly important to obtain a large number of suitable strains of endolichenic fungi. Endolichenic fungi(ELF)were isolated and cultured using the scraping cortex method from some species of Peltigera collected in the Great Khingan Mountains and Lijiang, Yunnan. The isolation rate and colonization rate of ELF were analyzed. According to the characteristics of colonial morphology, mycelia and spores, some representive strains were selected for DNA extraction, and their nrDNA-ITS sequences were obtained. Homologous sequences were searched in GenBank Databases and aligned by Mafft to analyses the species diversity of ELF. The main results demonstrated that 283 strains of ELF were isolated from 8 species of Peltigera in the Great Khingan Mountains, with the average isolation rate 25.83% and the colonization rate 22.17%; 81 strains were isolated from 2 species of Peltigera in Lijiang, Yunnan, with the average isolation rate 54.36% and the colonization rate 42.28%.Furthermore, 53 taxa at species level from 62 sequenced stains were identified in 3 phylla, 10classes, 19 orders, 32 families and 38 genera. Among them, 41 species belong to Ascomycota, 11species belong to Basidiomycota and 1 species belongs to Mucoromycota. The dominant families of ELF from Peltigera were Xylariaceae and Hypoxylaceae with relative frequency(RF) 16.21%. The dominant genus was Hypoxylon(RF, 11.26%). The results demonstrated that there are abundant resources of ELF in some lichen species of Peltigera.更多还原