【摘要】 乡村教师是乡村教育振兴与发展的主力军，乡村教师队伍建设对提升乡村教育质量具有重要的意义。然而，我国乡村教师队伍建设呈现出乡村教师队伍结构性失衡、教师队伍流动现象显著、教师队伍专业素养有待提高、教师专业发展需要难以满足的困境。这些困境的出现受乡村教师的“去乡土化”、乡村教师艰苦的工作和生活条件、教师工作投入与工资收入失衡等因素的影响。因此，为破解乡村教师队伍建设困境，需要优化乡村教师收入结构，提高工资和福利待遇；改善乡村教师工作和生活环境，使教师安心从教；定向培养本土化乡村教师，保证教师队伍后备来源；完善乡村教师培训体系，促进乡村教师专业发展；重塑“尊师重教”的社会氛围，提升教师的身份认同。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural teachers are the main force for the revitalization and development of rural education, and the construction of rural teachers is of great significance to improving the quality of rural education.However, the construction of rural teachers in China presents a dilemma of structural imbalance in rural teachers, obvious flow of teachers, professional quality of teachers to be improved, and the professional development needs of teachers are difficult to meet.The emergence of these difficulties is affected by the“delocalization”of rural teachers, the difficult working and living conditions of rural teachers, and the imbalance between teachers’ work input and salary income.Therefore, in order to solve the dilemma of rural teacher team construction, it is necessary to optimize the income structure of rural teachers and increase salary and welfare benefits; Improve the working and living environment of rural teachers, make teachers feel at ease in teaching; To train localized rural teachers in a targeted way and ensure a reserve source of teachers; Improve the rural teacher training system and promote the professional development of rural teachers; Reshape the social atmosphere of“respecting teachers and valuing education”and enhance the identity of teachers.更多还原