【摘要】 针对荞麦两段式机械化收获过程中捡拾损失率过高的问题，设计了一种由刮板捡拾机构与辅助捡拾辊相结合的刮板式荞麦捡拾装置，以降低荞麦在捡拾作业过程中的籽粒损失.基于刮板捡拾机构运动学的理论分析，确定了刮板捡拾机构的工作条件，对刮板捡拾机构和辅助捡拾辊进行了参数化设计.依照单因素试验，分别以物料输送速度、刮板捡拾速度、刮板捡拾倾角为自变量，以籽粒捡拾损失率为因变量，确定捡拾损失率随各因素的变化趋势与Box-Benhnken试验因素水平.根据Box-Benhnken试验设计原理，通过回归分析和响应面分析，建立了物料输送速度、刮板捡拾速度、刮板捡拾倾角与籽粒捡拾损失率之间的数学模型.结果表明：各因素对籽粒捡拾损失率的影响由大到小依次为刮板捡拾速度、刮板捡拾倾角以及物料输送速度.应用Design-Expert软件的寻优功能对回归方程进行优化求解，结果表明：当物料输送速度为0.79 m/s、刮板捡拾速度为1.08 m/s、刮板捡拾倾角为14.39°时，籽粒捡拾损失率最小值为4.61%.更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problem of high pick-up loss rate during the two-stage mechanized buckwheat harvesting, a scraper pick-up device combining a scraper pick-up mechanism and an auxiliary pick-up roller was designed to reduce the grain loss of buckwheat harvesting during the pick-up operation. Based on the theoretical analysis of the kinematics of the scraper pick-up mechanism, the working conditions of the scraper pick-up mechanism were determined. According to the single factor test, the material conveying speed, the scraper picking speed and the scraper picking inclination were used as independent variables, and the grain picking loss rate was used as the dependent variable to determine the changing trend of the picking loss rate with each factor and the factor level of the Box-Benhnken test. According to the Box-Benhnken experimental design principle, through regression analysis and response surface analysis, a mathematical model was established among material conveying speed, scraper picking speed, scraper picking inclination and grain picking loss rate. The results show that the influence of each factor on the grain picking loss rate from large to small is: scraper picking speed, scraper picking inclination, and material conveying speed. The regression equation was optimized and solved by using the optimization function of Design-Expert software. The results show that when the material conveying speed is 0.79 m/s, the scraper picking speed is 1.08 m/s, and the scraper picking inclination is 14.39°, the minimum rate of picking loss is 4.61%.更多还原