【摘要】 目的 了解二胎产后返岗护士（二胎护士）挑战性-阻碍性压力源、工作家庭增益及职业发展的现状，并分析三者的作用路径。方法 采用便利抽样法，选取济宁市408名二胎护士为研究对象，采用一般资料调查表、中文版挑战性-阻碍性压力源量表、工作家庭增益问卷和护士职业发展评估量表进行调查。对所获数据进行描述性统计、相关分析和中介效应检验。结果 挑战性压力源与工作家庭增益呈正相关（r=0.534,P<0.01)，与职业发展呈正相关（r=0.512,P<0.01)；阻碍性压力源与工作家庭增益呈负相关（r=-0.368,P<0.01)，与职业发展呈负相关（r=-0.477,P<0.01)；工作家庭增益与职业发展呈正相关（r=0.427,P<0.01)。工作家庭增益在挑战性压力源与职业发展间起部分中介效应，中介效应占总效应的36.41%；在阻碍性压力源与职业发展间起部分中介效应，中介效应占总效应的38.29%。结论 挑战性-阻碍性压力源可以直接作用于二胎护士的职业发展，也能够通过工作家庭增益间接影响职业发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the status quo of the challenging and obstructive stressors, work-family gains and career development of the nurses returning to work after the second birth(hereinafter referred to as the second birth nurses), and analyze the role of the three. Methods 408second-born nurses in Jining were selected by convenient sampling method, and were investigated with the general data questionnaire, the Chinese version of challenging-obstructive stressors scale, the work-family gain questionnaire and the nurse career development assessment scale. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation effect testing were performed on the obtained data. Results Challenging stressors were positively correlated with work-family gain(r=0.534, P<0.01), and positively correlated with nurse career development(r=0.512, P<0.01). Obstructive stressors were negatively correlated with work-family gains(r=-0.368, P<0.01), and negatively correlated with nurse career development(r=-0.477,P<0.01). There was a high positive correlation between work-family gain and career development(r=0.427, P<0.01). The work-family gain plays a part of mediating effect between challenging stressors and career development, and the mediating effect accounts for 36.41% of the total effect. There is a partial mediating effect between obstructive stressors and career development, and the mediating effect accounts for 38.29% of the total effect.Conclusion Challenging and obstructive stressors can directly affect the career development of secondary nurses, and can also indirectly affect the career development through work and family gains.更多还原