【摘要】 橡胶材料具有阻尼性能优异、声阻抗可调、易于配方调整和加工成型的特点，在水声领域应用广泛。从橡胶材料的粘滞性吸收机理、热传导吸收机理和分子弛豫吸收机理出发，总结提高橡胶材料吸声性能的途径主要为制备填料填充或橡胶并用的共混改性型以及结构型吸声橡胶材料；基于理论设计和实际应用，阐述透声和反声橡胶材料的研究进展；指出水声橡胶材料目前面临的挑战和今后的发展方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rubber materials had the characteristics of excellent damping performance,adjustable acoustic impedance,easy formulation adjustment and simple processing,so it had a wide range of applications in the underwater acoustic field. Based on the viscous absorption mechanism,thermal conduction absorption mechanism and molecular relaxation absorption mechanism,it was concluded that the main approaches to improve the sound-absorbing properties of the rubber materials were to design filler-filled or rubber-blended sound-absorbing materials. Moreover,the research progress of the sound-transmitting and sound-reflecting rubber materials was discussed based on the theoretical design and practical applications. Finally,the challenges and future development directions of underwater acoustic rubber materials were pointed out.更多还原