【摘要】 目的 探讨不同气道过敏性疾病患儿变应原特异性IgE(sIgE)的分布特征，为治疗和预防儿童气道过敏性疾病提供依据。方法 收集2018年1月—2019年12月就诊于四川省人民院儿科和(或)耳鼻喉科的418气道过敏性疾病患儿血清样本，进行变应原特异性IgE检测，对结果进行分析。结果 哮喘组、喘息组、变应性鼻炎组患儿较常见的吸入性变应原为尘螨(28.94%)、屋尘(22.24%)、花粉类[柏树花粉(6.22%)、藤草花粉(1.43%)]、狗毛/猫毛皮屑(5.26%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);食入性变应原阳性率最高的为牛肉/羊肉，其次为牛奶，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);0～3岁患儿羊肉/牛肉、牛奶的阳性检出率较其他年龄组高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3～6岁患儿中屋尘阳性检出率较另两组患儿高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同吸入性变应原sIgE阳性分级以及sIgE阳性种类所导致的3种疾病分布差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 尘螨、屋尘、花粉类(柏树花粉、藤草花粉)是支气管哮喘、变应性鼻炎、喘息性支气管炎常见的过敏原，不同年龄段儿童屋尘、牛奶、牛肉/羊肉、藤草花粉等过敏原分布有差异，可根据不同过敏原对疾病进行预防、治疗。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of specific allergen IgE(sIgE) in children with different arway allergic diseases, and to provide evidence for the treatment and prevention of airway allergic diseases in children. Methods Serum samples were collected from 418 children with airway allergic diseases who visited the Pediatric or Otolaryngology Clinic of Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 for allergen-specific IgE detection, and the results were analyzed. Results The common inhalant allergens in asthma group, wheezing group and allergic rhinitis group were dust mite(28.94%), house dust(22.24%), pollen(cypress pollen(6.22%), vine pollen(1.43%)) and dog hair/cat dander(5.26%), the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the highest positive rate of inhalant allergens was beef/mutton, followed by milk, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the positive detection rate of mutton/beef and milk in 0-3 years old children was higher than other age groups, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); the positive detection rate of house dust in 3-6 years old children was higher than the other two groups, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); there was no significant difference in the positive grade of sIgE of different inhalant allergens and the distribution of three diseases caused by sIgE positive types(P>0.05). Conclusion Dust mite, house dust and pollen(cypress pollen, vine pollen) are common allergens in bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis and asthmatic bronchitis. The distribution of allergens such as house dust, milk, beef/mutton and vine pollen is different in different ages. The diseases can be prevented and treated according to different allergens.更多还原