【摘要】 目的 研究成都市居民膳食模式与高血压的相关性，为开展膳食干预提供依据。方法 采用横断面研究的方法。使用西南区域自然人群队列成都市汉族居民的基线数据，包括基本信息、膳食摄入、体格检查和血生化数据。构建两种先验膳食模式，分别为替代地中海膳食模式(alternative Mediterranean-style diet, aMED)和终止高血压膳食模式(Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, DASH)。将膳食模式得分划分为五分位数，使用logistic回归模型分析膳食模式与高血压之间的相关性。在原始总分中减去每种食物组分得分，计算该得分与高血压的比值比，进一步评估每种食物组分对高血压的相对影响。对性别、年龄、体质指数、地区、吸烟情况和体力活动进行分层分析探究潜在的修饰因子。结果 本研究共纳入18 401人，其中3 710人患有高血压。aMED与高血压患病率差异无统计学意义(OR=0.96, 95%CI:0.85～1.09),DASH与高血压患病率差异有统计学意义(OR=0.77, 95%CI:0.67～0.88)。DASH中的特殊食物组分乳制品与高血压呈负相关，占总膳食得分的30.2%。分层分析发现，不同亚人群膳食模式与高血压的关联结果较相似。结论 在成都推荐DASH膳食模式比aMED膳食模式可以更有效的防控高血压，建议适当增加乳制品的摄入预防高血压的发生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the associations between dietary patterns and hypertension among residents in Chengdu, and to provide a basis for conducting dietary interventions. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted based on the baseline data of Han population in the Chengdu area of the China multi-ethnic cohort study. The data consisted of questionnaire data(e.g. dietary intake data from thefood frequency method survey), dietary intake, physical examination and blood biochemical data. Two priori dietary patterns were constructed, which were named, alternative Mediterranean-style diet(aMED) and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension(DASH). The dietary pattern scores were divided into quintiles for analysis and used logistic regression models to estimate the associations between the dietary patterns and hypertension. To evaluate the relative influence of each of the dietary components on hypertension in association with DASH and aMED, one component was subtracted at a time from the original score and estimated the odds ratio of hypertension of each dietary score. A stratified analysis of sex, age, body mass index, region, smoking status and physical activity was performed to explore potential modifiers. Results The final study included 18 401 participants, of whom 3 710 had hypertension. aMED was not significantly associated with risk of hypertension(OR=0.96, 95%CI: 0.85-1.09), whereas DASH was significantly negatively associated with risk of hypertension(OR=0.77, 95%CI: 0.67-0.88). Dairy products, the specific food component of DASH, were negatively associated with the risk of hypertension, accounting for 30.2% of the overall negative association. In the stratified analysis, the results of the associations between dietary patterns and hypertension were more similar in different subpopulations. Conclusion Compared to aMED, DASH may be a more effective dietary strategy for the prevention and control of hypertension in Chengdu, and an appropriate increase in the intake of dairy products is recommended.更多还原