【摘要】 目的 基于照顾者技能模型构建失智症患者照顾者的培训方案并评价其应用效果。方法 采用目的抽样法，2020年9月至12月选取西安市两家养老机构的72例失智症正式照顾者作为研究对象。以1家养老机构招募的正式照顾者39名作为培训组，另一家同类型养老机构招募的正式照顾者33名为对照组。对照组照顾者给予常规宣教，培训组给予基于Farran的照顾者技能模型的照顾知识、技能、情绪管理以及资源利用4个模块指导方案，主要包括培训失智症疾病知识和护理常识，通过瑜伽等管理自身情绪，利用手册等资源提高照护技能，为期3个月。干预前后比较两组正式照顾者的照顾负担和抑郁情况。结果 干预后正式照顾者的照顾者负担得分、抑郁得分低于对照组且低于干预前，两组比较，差异具有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。结论 基于照顾者技能模型的培训方案能一定程度减轻正式照顾者照顾负担，并改善抑郁状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To establish a training program for caregivers of people with dementia based on the Model of Caregiver Skill Building/Effectiveness and evaluate its practical effect. Methods The objective sampling method was used to select 72 caregivers from two nursing homes which were the specialised shelters for the dementia elderly in Xi’an. The subjects were randomly divided into a training group with 39 caregivers and a control group with 33 caregivers. The control group received training in routine care,while the training group was given training based on Farran’s Model of Caregiver Skill Building/Effectiveness for 3 months. The training was composed of our modules:caring knowledge,skills,emotion management and resource utilisation,which included key training elements in knowledge of dementia and nursing,emotion management through yoga and mental training and improvement of nursing skills through instructions. The caregiver burden inventory （CBI） and self-rating depression （SDS） were used to evaluate the effect of caregivers training before and after the training. Result After the training,the scores CBI and SDS of the caregivers were significantly lower than those in the control group and lower than the scores before training （all P<0.05）. Conclusion The training program based on the Model of Caregiver Skill Building/Effectiveness can effectively reduce the burden and depression of caregivers in dementia care.更多还原