【摘要】 液体活检是一种基于分析体液样本中的生物标志物来诊断疾病、监测疾病进展和评估疗效的非侵入性的新型微创诊断技术。液体活检主要包括探查和检测循环肿瘤细胞、ctDNA、非编码RNAs和细胞外囊泡等。非编码RNA之前被认为是一类无功能的RNA,但近年来研究表明它们在肿瘤的发病机制中扮演着重要的角色。它们构成了基因调控的一个重要层面,其表达水平在多种癌种中呈现失调势态,这提示了它们作为肿瘤生物学标志物的临床应用潜力。飞速发展的高通量测序技术使得在泛癌领域建立非编码RNA表达谱的分子表征成为可能。该文系统阐述了非编码RNA作为非侵入性肿瘤标志物的研究进展,评估了其作为肿瘤生物标志物的适用性,同时总结了近期的检测技术突破对肿瘤分子标志物发展的影响。更多还原

【Abstract】 Liquid biopsy, a novel non-invasive minimally invasive diagnostic technique, is based on the analysis of biomarkers in body fiuid samples, to diagnose disease, monitor disease progression and evaluate efficacy. Liquid biopsy mainly involves the exploration and detection of CTCs(circulating tumor cells), ctDNA(circulating tumor DNA), ncRNAs(non-coding RNAs) and extracellular vesicles. ncRNAs have long been considered as useless RNAs, but recent studies have shown that they play an important role in the pathogenesis of tumors. They constitute an important aspect of gene regulation, and their expression levels are always dysregulated in multiple cancer species, suggesting their clinical potential as tumor biomarkers. The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology has made it possible to establish comprehensive molecular characterization of ncRNAs expression profiles in the field of pan-cancer. This paper systematically reviews the research progress of ncRNAs as non-invasive tumor markers, evaluates its applicability as tumor biomarkers, and summarizes the effect of recent breakthroughs in detection technology on the development of tumor molecular markers.更多还原