【摘要】 细胞周期（cell cycle）是指细胞从一次分裂完成开始到下一次分裂结束所经历的全过程。细胞周期包括G₀期（静止期）、G₁期（DNA合成前期）、S期（合成期）、G₂期（DNA合成后期）和M期（细胞分裂期）。通常,阻止细胞进行异常复制主要有三个检查点,分别为G₁/S检查点、G₂/M检查点和有丝分裂中/后期检查点。其中,G₁/S检查点又称起始点,是细胞周期进程起始的关键节点。G₁/S检查点可通过周期蛋白D与CDK4/6结合所形成的复合物调节细胞周期起始,影响细胞周期进程。活性异常的周期蛋白D与CDK4/6会诱导癌细胞的异常增殖,引发癌症恶性发展。因此,了解CDK4/6活性变化情况、周期蛋白D与CDK4/6的组装以及CDK4/6抑制剂的作用,将有助于了解细胞周期进程中潜在的调控过程,并为癌症与疾病的治疗提供一种新方案。该综述对CDK4/6活性调控过程的关键条件,周期蛋白D-CDK4/6在G₁期到S期转换中的关键过程,以及CDK4/6类抑制剂治疗药物在癌症及疾病中的研究进展进行了描述与总结,最后阐述了周期蛋白D与CDK4/6在细胞周期进程中所面临的问题及存在的挑战,旨在为后续细胞周期的深入研究提供科学参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cell cycle is the entire process that a cell undergoes from the completion of one decelerated division to the end of the next decelerated division.The cell cycle consists of G₀ phase （stationary phase）,G₁ phase（DNA pre-synthesis phase）,S phase （synthesis phase）,G₂ phase （late DNA synthesis phase） and M phases （cytokinesis）.Normally,there are three main checkpoints that prevent cells from undergoing abnormal replication,namely the G₁/S checkpoint,the G₂/M checkpoint and the metaphase/anaphase mitotic checkpoint.The G₁/S checkpoint,also known as the initiation point,is a critical point for cell cycle initiation,and the G₁/S checkpoint regulates cell cycle initiation through a complex formed by the binding of cyclin D to CDK4/6,which affects cell cycle progression.In addition,abnormal activity of cyclin D and CDK4/6 can induce abnormal proliferation of cancer cells and trigger malignant development of cancer.Therefore,understanding the changes in CDK4/6 activity,the assembly of cyclin D with CDK4/6 and the role of CDK4/6 inhibitors will help to understand the underlying regulatory processes in cell cycle progression as well as provide a new option for the treatment of cancer.This review describes and summarizes the key conditions for the regulation of CDK4/6 activity,the key processes of cyclin D-CDK4/6 in the G₁ to S phase transition,and the progress of CDK4/6 inhibitor in cancer,and finally describes the problems and challenges of cyclin D and CDK4/6 in cell cycle progression,aiming to provide a scientific reference for further research on the cell cycle.更多还原