【摘要】 目的 分析新疆2010-2020年梅毒流行病学特征，为梅毒防治工作提供依据。方法 使用描述流行病学方法对发病日期为2010年1月1日至2020年12月31日的新疆梅毒病例个案数据和统计数据进行分析。结果2010-2020年，新疆梅毒报告发病率总体呈波动上升趋势，报告发病率从50.18/10万上升到67.29/10万。一期、二期、三期、胎传梅毒报告发病率逐年下降，其中一期梅毒和胎传梅毒下降较明显，分别年均下降11.40%、17.75%。隐性梅毒报告病例数逐年增长，年均增长13.31%，隐性梅毒报告发病数占全部梅毒构成比由2010年的40.62%增长至2020年的86.24%。新疆各地区均有梅毒病例报告，各地区报告发病率差异较大，其中阿克苏和喀什地区为高发地区，占全疆报告病例数的46.79%；男女性别比为0.92∶1～1∶1;15～44岁女性报告发病率大于男性、≥45岁组男性发病率大于女性。男性、女性报告发病率有两个高峰，分别为25～34岁和50岁及以上年龄组。一二期梅毒高峰在20～34岁之间，并逐年下降，50岁及以上年龄组逐年下降较明显。报告病例职业分布以农民为主，占42.34%～59.61%，其次是家务及待业人员占12.41%～14.50%。结论 新疆一期、二期梅毒和胎传梅毒逐年下降，提示疫情得到了一定程度遏制。但每年仍有一定数量报告梅毒病例，表明梅毒依然是新疆主要的公共卫生问题之一。梅毒发病有年轻化趋势，青年、老年人和农民人群是重点宣传和教育人群。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Xinjiang from 2010 to 2020 for prevention and treatment of syphilis. Methods The data and statistics of syphilis cases from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2020, in Xinjiang were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results The incidence of syphilis reported in Xinjiang rose from 50.18 per 100,000 in 2010 to 67.29 per 100,000 in 2020. The reported incidence of primary syphilis,secondary syphilis, tertiary syphilis and fetal syphilis decreased yearly, among which primary syphilis and fetal syphilis decreased significantly by 11.40% and 17.75%, respectively. The number of reported cases of latent syphilis increased yearly, with an average annual increase of 13.31%, from 40.62% among total cases in 2010 to 86.24% in 2020. Syphilis cases were reported in all regions of Xinjiang, and the reported incidence varied considerably among regions. Aksu and Kashgar were the most common areas, accounting for 46.79% of the reported cases in Xinjiang. The male to female sex ratio was 0.92∶1-1∶1;Women aged 15-44 reported higher incidence than men, and men aged ≥45 reported higher incidence than women. Two incidence peaks were reported in males and females, in the 25-34 age group and the 50 and above age group. The peak of primary and secondary syphilis was between 20 and 34 years old and decreased yearly, especially at age 50 and above. The occupational distribution of reported cases was mainly farmers, accounting for 42.34%-59.61%,and housework and unemployed workers accounting for 12.41%-14.50%. Conclusions In Xinjiang, primary and secondary syphilis and fetal syphilis decreased yearly, suggesting that the epidemic had been contained to a certain extent. However, a certain number of syphilis cases are still reported every year, indicating that syphilis is still one of Xinjiang’s significant public health problems. The incidence tends to be younger. The youth, the elderly, and farmers are the fundamental groups of publicity and education.更多还原