【摘要】 21世纪以来，新疆北部牧区牧民在非农产业务工就业和进入城镇生活的现象十分普遍，形成了“半农（牧）半工”的生计模式，进而促成牧区社会进入后定居时代。调查发现，定居后牧民面临着农牧业生产边际效益下降与草原生态环境快速退化双重暴露的困境，与草原生态环境的关系从平衡走向了失衡。在脱贫攻坚、乡村振兴及新型城镇化的推动下，新疆北部牧区牧民生计方式持续调整和优化，为重塑牧民与草原生态环境关系创造了新的机遇。因此，应持续优化牧民生计方式，推动新疆北部牧区走绿色发展之路，最终实现牧民与草原的和谐共生。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the 21st century,it has been very common for herdsmen in the northern pastoral areas of Xinjiang to work in non-agricultural industries and enter urban life,forming a semi-agricultural(pastoral)and semi industrial livelihood model,which has led to the entry of a post settlement era in pastoral society. The investigation found that after settling down,herdsmen face a dual exposure dilemma of declining marginal benefits of agricultural and animal husbandry production and rapid degradation of grassland ecological environment,and the relationship between them and the grassland ecological environment has shifted from balance to imbalance. Driven by poverty alleviation,rural revitalization,and new urbanization,the livelihoods of herdsmen in the northern pastoral areas of Xinjiang have been continuously adjusted and optimized,creating new opportunities for reshaping the relationship between herdsmen and the grassland ecological environment. The article believes that it is necessary to continuously optimize the livelihoods of herdsmen,promote the green development of northern pastoral areas in Xinjiang,and ultimately achieve harmonious coexistence between herdsmen and grasslands.更多还原