【摘要】 目的 分析一例雌性SD大鼠胸腺占位性病变的病理改变。方法 观察90 d内雌性大鼠的体重和进食量变化情况，在第90天用代谢笼收集尿液并进行检测，经股动脉取血，对血液学进行检测，处死大鼠，分离组织器官，计算脏/体比值后进行病理组织学检查。结果 病鼠在第12周时体重和进食量开始降低，第90天时明显降低，差异有统计学意义；病鼠的TP、ALT、ALP、Cr、TC、Glu和WBC(t=9.001)明显降低，UN、TG和PLT(t=3.067)明显升高，差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);病鼠的胸腺体积明显增大，几乎占据整个胸腔，压迫肺和心脏，导致它们的体积明显缩小，胸腔有少量浑浊积液，脾和淋巴结体积明显增大；胸腺结构破坏，皮质和髓质分界不清，充满淋巴样肿瘤细胞，呈结节样分布，细胞形态单一，染色质呈细颗粒样，核仁明显，核分裂象多见，含铁血黄素沉着明显；在脾和淋巴结可见肿瘤细胞；在肝窦和汇管区可见肿瘤细胞；在肺门周围、细支气管周围和结缔组织间可见肿瘤细胞，肺泡壁受压、肺结构破坏，表现为肺不张；同时，心肌细胞坏死，心脏结构紊乱。结论 病鼠的病程进展迅速，并累积多个器官，可能为原发性胸腺淋巴瘤，但其确切病理类型需进一步检测才能确定。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The pathological changes of thymus occupying lesion in female SD rats were analyzed. Methods Observing the changes in body weight and food intake of female rats within 90 days.On the 90th day, urine was collected in a metabolic cage and tested, blood was collected from the femoral artery, and the hematology was tested. The rats were sacrificed, the tissues and organs were separated, and the visceral/body ratio was calculated and sent for histopathological examination. Results The body weight and food intake of the diseased mice began to decrease at the 12th week, and were significantly reduced at the 90th day, with statistical significance. The TP, ALT, ALP, Cr, TC, Glu and WBC(t=9.001) of the diseased mice were significantly reduced, and the UN, TG and PLT(t=3.067) were significantly increased, with statistical significance(P<0.05). The thymus volume of diseased mice increased significantly, occupying almost the whole chest cavity, pressing the lungs and heart, leading to a significant reduction in their volume, a small amount of turbidous effusion in the chest cavity, spleen and lymph node volume increased significantly. The thymus structure was destroyed, the boundary between cortex and medulla was not clear, and lymphoid tumor cells were filled with nodular distribution, single cell morphology, fine granular chromatin, obvious nucleoli, frequent mitosis, and obvious hemosiderosis. Tumor cells were found in the spleen and lymph nodes. Tumor cells were observed in hepatic sinuses and sinks. Tumor cells can be seen around the hilum of the lung, around the bronchioles and between connective tissues. The alveolar wall was compressed and the lung structure is destroyed, which was manifested as atractasis. At the same time, the heart muscle cells die and the heart structure was disturbed. Conclusion The disease course of the infected mice is rapid and involves multiple organs. It may be primary thymic lymphoma, but the exact pathological type needs to be determined by further examination.更多还原