【摘要】 当具有晶格失配或小扭转角的2个或多个原子薄层垂直堆叠时，层间的原子排列呈现周期性变化，形成新型的平面图案，即莫尔超晶格.莫尔超晶格在范德华异质结中为相关电子态的工程设计提供了通用而强大的平台，从而涌现出大量的莫尔量子现象，例如非常规超导、相关绝缘体态、拓扑相和莫尔激子等.近年来，科研人员对扭角石墨烯和扭角过渡金属硫族化物(TMD)形成的莫尔超晶格的研究最为广泛.本文介绍了扭角石墨烯和TMD莫尔超晶格中的莫尔特性，并讨论了TMD莫尔超晶格实验中发现的新物理现象，如莫尔激子、莫尔声子和相关电子态.最后，展望了莫尔超晶格在未来研究方向面临的挑战.相信莫尔超晶格的进一步发展可以为强相关系统的量子控制提供新的思路，推动莫尔物理的发展.更多还原

【Abstract】 When two or more atomic thin layers with lattice mismatch or small torsion angles are stacked vertically, the arrangement of atoms between the layers presents periodic changes, forming a new type of planar pattern, that is, the Moiré superlattice. Moiré superlattice provides a versatile and powerful platform for the engineering of correlated electronic states in van der Waals heterostructures, resulting in the emergence of a large number of Moiré quantum phenomena, such as unconventional superconductivity, correlated insulator states, topological phases, and Moiré excitons. In recent years, researchers have conducted extensive studies on Moiré superlattices formed by twisted graphene and twisted transition metal dichalcogenide(TMD). This article introduced the Moiré properties in twisted graphene and TMD Moiré superlattice, and discussed the new physical phenomena discovered in TMD Moiré superlattice experiments, such as Moiré excitons, Moiré phonons and related electrons state. Finally, we look forward to the challenges facing Moiré superlattice in future research directions. It is believed that the further development of Moiré superlattice can provide new ideas for quantum control of strongly correlated systems and promote the development of Moiré physics.更多还原