【摘要】 对于有水气藏而言，在气藏开发过程中水侵严重影响了气藏的采收率。为了准确、直观地评价复杂边水气藏的水侵动态特征，进而明确边部水体大小以及水侵优势通道位置，基于气藏地质资料和单井生产动态数据，将气藏边部水体和开发气井等效为水侵单元（包括水体单元和气井单元），构建了复杂边水水侵流动动态的气藏水侵单元数值模拟新模型，采用物质平衡方程计算了各单元的压力，并应用气水两相运动方程计算了各单元的含气饱和度和含水率，最后结合遗传算法，根据修正水体单元和水侵通道的特征参数，自动拟合了生产数据，实现了对水体分布和水侵优势通道的再识别。研究结果表明：(1)采用水侵单元为基础的数值模拟新模型，能够有效提高数值模拟计算效率，准确反映水侵流入动态；(2)结合智能优化算法进行新模型的自动历史拟合，实现了水侵动态的反演，能更快速地确定水体和水侵通道的特征参数；(3)结合四川盆地某气藏典型井组的开发实践，水侵单元数值模拟新模型能够有效复原水侵历史过程，该方法能够快速、准确地评价水侵影响程度，并提出了针对性的优化调整方案，为后期排水采气等措施提供参考。结论认为，该认识丰富了水侵气藏数值模拟理论基础，创新提出了代理模型和智能优化算法相结合的水侵模拟新方法，为有水气藏天然气提高采收率提供了技术支持和方向指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the process of water-bearing gas reservoir development, water invasion has a serious influence on the recovery factor of the gas reservoirs. In order to accurately and intuitively evaluate the dynamic characteristics of water invasion in complex edge-water gas reservoirs and determine the size of edge water and the location of dominant water invasion channel, this paper regards the water and development gas well at the edge of a gas reservoir as the water invasion unit(including water unit and gas well unit) based on the geological data of the gas reservoir and the production data of the gas well, and establishes a new numerical simulation model of water invasion unit in the gas reservoir with complex water invasion flow of edge water. Then, the pressure of each unit is calculated by the material balance equation, and the gas saturation and water cut of each unit are calculated by the gas-water two-phase motion equation. Finally, combined with genetic algorithm, the production data is automatically fitted based on the characteristic parameters of modified water units and water invasion channels, and water distribution and dominant water invasion channel are reidentified. And the following research results are obtained. First, the new numerical simulation model based on water invasion unit can effectively improve the computational efficiency of numerical simulation and accurately reflect the inflow performance of water invasion. Second, the automatic history fitting of the new model combined with intelligent optimization algorithm realizes the inversion of water invasion performance, and can determine the characteristic parameters of water body and water invasion channels more quickly. Third, the development practice of a typical well group in a certain gas reservoir of the Sichuan Basin proves that the new numerical simulation model of water invasion unit can effectively recover the historical process of water invasion. This method can quickly and accurately evaluate the influence degree of water invasion, propose targeted optimization and adjustment scheme, and provide reference for the measures of drainage and gas recovery in the later period. In conclusion, the research results enrich the theoretical foundation for the numerical simulation of water invasion gas reservoir, and a new water invasion simulation method combining the surrogate model with intelligent optimization algorithm is innovatively proposed, which provides technical support and direction guidance for enhanced gas recovery of water-bearing gas reservoirs.更多还原