【摘要】 目的 调查分析2型糖尿病患者视网膜病变（diabetic retinopathy, DR）的影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2022年7月—2023年7月洛阳市嵩县中医院共300例2型糖尿病患者的临床资料，将其中114例发生视网膜病变的2型糖尿病患者作为研究组，其中186例未发生视网膜病变的2型糖尿病患者作为对照组，分析2型糖尿病患者发生视网膜病变的影响因素。结果 本研究纳入的300例2型糖尿病患者中，共114例患者出现视网膜病变，发病率为38.00%。视网膜病变组年龄、糖尿病发病年龄、糖尿病病程、尿蛋白阳性、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白等与无视网膜病变组相比，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。尿蛋白阳性、年龄、糖尿病病程、糖尿病发病年龄、空腹血糖、生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-I、C肽、视黄醇结合蛋白4、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、血小板/淋巴细胞比值均是2型糖尿病患者发生视网膜病变的独立影响因素（P<0.05），其中年龄、尿蛋白阳性、糖尿病病程、空腹血糖、生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-I、视黄醇结合蛋白4、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值、血小板/淋巴细胞比值均是2型糖尿病患者发生视网膜病变的危险因素，糖尿病发病年龄、C肽是2型糖尿病患者发生视网膜病变的保护因素。结论 2型糖尿病患者的视网膜病变发病率较高，临床中应重点关注高危2型糖尿病患者，例如尿蛋白阳性、低龄、糖尿病病程长、糖尿病发病年龄早、空腹血糖上升等患者。为了保证患者的转归，应当重视对患者血糖、血脂的控制，改善患者预后。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate and analyze the influencing factors of diabetic retinopathy(DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods The clinical data of a total of 300 patients with type 2 diabetes in Songxian Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Luoyang City from July 2022 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. 114patients with type 2 diabetes with retinopathy were selected as the study group, and 186 patients without retinopathy were selected as the control group. To analyze the influencing factors of retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.Results Among the 300 patients with type 2 diabetes included in this study, 114 patients developed retinopathy, with an incidence rate of 38.00%. There were statistically significant differences in age, age of onset of diabetes, duration of diabetes, positive of urinary protein, fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postmeal blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin in retinopathy group compared with those in non-retinopathy group(P<0.05). Urinary protein positive, age, duration of diabetes, age of onset of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, C-peptide,retinol-binding protein4, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio were all independent influencing factors for the occurrence of retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes(P<0.05). Age, positive urinary protein, duration of diabetes, fasting blood glucose, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, retinol-binding protein-4, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio were all risk factors for retinopathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Age of onset of diabetes and C-peptide are protective factors for retinopathy in type 2 diabetes. Conclusion Patients with type 2 diabetes have a high incidence of retinopathy, and clinical attention should be focused on high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes, such as patients with positive urinary protein, young age, long course of diabetes, early onset of diabetes, and elevated fasting blood glucose. In order to ensure the outcome of patients, attention should be paid to the control of blood sugar and blood lipids to improve the prognosis of patients.更多还原