【摘要】 利用1994—2019年省级面板数据，本文通过新型增长核算分解公式判断区域经济要素配置的经济效应，测算要素配置在产业间的扭曲程度以理解要素配置的效率演变。研究发现：在对外开放加速时期，要素配置效应对我国经济增长的平均解释力度达到20.67%，且要素配置效应的提升是该时期经济增长的决定性因素，要素配置效应差异是南北地区经济分化的主要原因；东部地区第二、第三产业间的劳动力配置效率在地区间最高，而第一、第三产业间的资本配置效率在地区间最低；中部地区农业与非农业部门之间的劳动力配置效率不断走低；西部地区第一、第二产业间的劳动力配置扭曲在地区间最为严重；东北地区第二与第三产业间劳动力配置扭曲在地区间最为严重，该产业间资本配置扭曲在地区间最小；南方地区产业间的劳动力配置扭曲逐渐低于北方地区，但其产业间的资本配置扭曲始终比北方地区高。本文的结论有助于深入理解不同地区经济增长中的要素配置差异，可以为优化产业间要素有效流动配置的政策制定提供参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Using the provincial panel data from 1994—2019 and based on three industrial structures, a relatively novel growth accounting decomposition formula is used to estimate the economic effects of factor allocation of regional economy, and the degree of distortion of factor allocation among industries is measured to understand the evolution of factor allocation efficiency. The research finds: During the period of accelerated industrialization, the factor allocation effect explains 20.67% of China’s economic growth on average, and the increase of factor allocation effect is the decisive factor for economic growth in that period.The difference in factor allocation effect is the main source of the economic growth gap between the south and the north. The labor allocation efficiency between the secondary and tertiary industries in the eastern region is the highest among regions, and the capital allocation efficiency between its primary and tertiary industries is the lowest among regions. The labor allocation efficiency between the agricultural and non-agricultural sectors in the central region is deteriorating. The labor allocation distortion between the primary and secondary industries in the western region is the most serious among regions. The distortion of labor allocation between secondary and tertiary industries in the northeast is the most serious among regions, and this inter-industry distortion of capital allocation is the smallest among regions. The labor allocation distortion among industries in the south is gradually lower than that in the north, but the capital allocation distortion among its industries is consistently higher than that in the north. The conclusions of this paper are helpful to deeply understanding the factor allocation in economic growth in different regions, and provide a reference for policy making on optimizing effective factor allocation among industries.更多还原