【摘要】 为探究轮齿裂纹对高速列车齿轮箱振动特性影响，按照是否包含高速列车振动环境影响，依次建立独立齿轮箱模型和整车齿轮箱模型，并利用自定义的啮合力表达式力元和移动MARKER模拟轮齿裂纹故障，在此基础上探究两种模型随着轮齿裂纹深度的增加，齿轮箱振动时域和频域特性的变化规律，同时对比整车振动环境对裂纹故障信号的影响程度。结果表明：相较于独立齿轮箱模型，轮齿裂纹故障对整车齿轮箱振动时域特性的影响虽然呈现出整体上升趋势，但规律性极不明显，局部波动较大，证明高速列车振动环境激扰对轮齿裂纹故障信号有较大的干扰作用；在频域特征方面，整车齿轮箱和独立齿轮箱频谱特征变化均较为明显，出现了以小齿轮转频70 Hz为周期的轮齿裂纹故障特征，且裂纹越深，故障特征幅值越大，因此，通过频谱特征诊断高速列车轮齿裂纹故障是较好的选择，特别是整车振动环境干扰情形下。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to investigate the effects of gear tooth cracks on vibration characteristics of high-speed train gearbox, an individual gearbox model and a full-vehicle gearbox model were first established based on whether the influences of high-speed train vibration environment were included. And the fault of gear tooth cracks in above two models was simulated with the help of a user-defined expression force element of gear-pair meshing force and two moving MARKERs. Based on these two models, the time-domain and frequency-domain vibration characteristics of the two gearbox models were investigated as the depth of gear tooth cracks increased, meanwhile, the effects of the vehicle vibration environment on the crack fault signal were also discussed. The results show that, compared with the individual gearbox model, the effects of gear tooth crack on the time-domain vibration characteristics of the full-vehicle gearbox shows an overall upward trend, but the regularity is extremely not obvious, and local fluctuations are large. This means that the vibration environment excitations of high-speed train have significant interference on the fault signal of gear tooth cracks. In terms of frequency domain characteristics, both the full-vehicle gearbox and the individual gearbox have significant changes in frequency spectrum characteristics, and the gear tooth crack fault feature with a frequency interval of 70 Hz, which is the pinion gear rotation frequency, can be observed, and the deeper the crack, the greater the amplitude of the fault feature. Therefore, using frequency spectrum features to diagnose high-speed train gear tooth crack faults is a good choice, especially in the case of interference from the vehicle vibration environment.更多还原