【摘要】 本文主要对黑参的化学成分及其对试验性高脂血症小鼠的调血脂作用进行研究。采用超高效液相色谱与飞行时间质谱联用（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）技术对黑参水提取物中的小分子化合物组成进行分析与鉴定;采用高脂膳食诱导建立高脂血症小鼠模型,评价黑参水提物对高脂血症的影响;采用网络药理学方法探讨作用机制。结果表明,从黑参水提物中鉴定出39个化学成分（包括三萜类皂苷及皂苷元37个、甾醇1个和炔醇1个）,其中,首次鉴定出竹节参皂苷Ⅱ、竹节参皂苷V和仙茅苷L;黑参水提物（2.0g/kg）能够明显改善高脂血症小鼠的体重和肝脏指数,显著降低血清中总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量,增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）含量,降低血清和肝脏中天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶/谷草转氨酶（AST）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶/谷丙转氨酶（ALT）活力。通过网络药理学方法筛选出与黑参降血脂作用密切相关的人参皂苷Rh₃、Rh₄、Rk₃、Rg5和Rk₁等活性成分,AKT1、GAPDH、VEGFA、PPARG和MAPK3等关键靶点,及脂质与动脉粥样硬化、PI3K-Akt信号通路和HIF-1信号通路等关键通路。本研究为黑参的进一步研究与开发提供了科学依据和理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 The chemical constituents and the blood lipid-regulation effect on experimental hyperlipidemia mice of black ginseng aqueous extract（BGE） were studied.The small molecule chemical components of BGE was analyzed and identified by ultra performance liquid chromatography and time of flight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS）;the hyperlipidemia mice model induced by high-fat diet was used to evaluate the effect of BGE;network pharmacology was used to study on the potential mechanism.A total of 39 chemical components were identified from BGE,including 37 triterpenoid saponins and sapogenins,1 sterol and 1 alkynol.Among these,chikusetsusaponin II,V and curculigoside L were identified in black ginseng for the first time.Compared with the model group,BGE（2.0 g/kg） could improve the weight and liver index of hyperlipidemia mice;significantly reduce the content of total cholesterol（TC）,triglyceride（TG）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C） in serum of mice;increase the content of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）;reduce the activity of aspartate aminotransferase（AST） and alanine aminotransferase（ALT） in serum and liver.Based on network pharmacology strategy,key active chemical components（Rh₃,Rh₄,Rk₃,Rg₅ and Rk₁）,key targets（AKT1,GAPDH,VEGFA,PPARG and MAPK3） and key pathways（lipid and atherosclerosis,PI3 K-Akt signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway） were screened out for the hypolipidemic effect of BGE.In this study,the chemical components of black ginseng were enriched,the drug use of black ginseng was expanded.It could provide scientific data and theoretical support for further research and development of black ginseng.更多还原