【摘要】 研究采用问卷法对贵州某县的两所中学初一到初三年级的578名中学生(包括留守儿童322名)进行研究，考察了媒体多任务在注意和冲动特征与留守儿童手机成瘾间的中介作用，同时检验留守儿童元认知水平对该中介路径的调节作用。结果表明：(1)注意和冲动特征对留守儿童的手机成瘾具有显著的正向预测作用，即留守儿童注意力越不集中，冲动行为越多，其手机成瘾的水平也就越高；(2)注意和冲动特征可以通过媒体多任务对手机成瘾产生间接的影响(中介作用),即留守儿童的注意力越不集中，冲动行为越多，其媒体多任务行为就越频繁，手机成瘾的水平也就随之提高；(3)元认知在媒体多任务行为预测留守儿童手机成瘾的路径中起调节作用，即当留守儿童的元认知水平较高时，即使其媒体多任务行为较多，手机成瘾的水平提高的程度(与元认知水平较低相比)也有限；(4)当注意和冲动特征得分较低时，留守儿童的元认知能力可以显著地负向预测手机成瘾行为，即对于注意较为集中、冲动行为较少的留守儿童，元认知能力越好，其手机成瘾行为越少。研究对深入理解留守儿童手机成瘾的复杂成因具有重要的意义，也为手机成瘾的干预提供了一定的参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 A survey was conducted in two middle schools in a county in Guizhou province, China, involving 578 students from grades 7 to 9,including 322 left-behind children. The study examined the mediating effect of media multitasking on the relationship between attention and impulsivity traits and mobile phone addiction among left-behind children, while also testing the moderating effect of metacognition on this mediation pathway. The results showed that(1) attention and impulsivity traits had a significant positive predictive effect on mobile phone addiction among left-behind children, i.e. the less attentional and more impulsive behaviors of left-behind children, the higher their level of mobile phone addiction;(2) attention and impulsivity traits could indirectly affect mobile phone addiction through media multitasking, and the media multitasking behavior of left-behind children played a mediating role between attention and impulsivity traits and mobile phone addiction, the less attention of left-behind children, the more impulsive behavior, the more frequent their media multitasking behavior, and the level of mobile phone addiction will improve;(3) Metacognition moderates the pathway through which media multitasking predicts mobile phone addiction in left-behind children, i.e.,when left-behind children have higher levels of metacognition, even if they engage in more media multitasking, the level of mobile phone addiction increases to a limited extent(compared to lower levels of metacognition),and(4) When the scores of attention and impulsivity characteristics are low, the metacognitive ability of left-behind children can significantly negatively predict mobile phone addiction behavior, that is, for left-behind children with more concentrated attention and less impulsive behavior, the better the metacognitive ability, the less their mobile phone addiction behavior. This study has important implications for a deeper understanding of the complex causes of mobile phone addiction among left-behind children and provides some reference for intervention against mobile phone addiction.更多还原