【摘要】 特色小镇作为一种新型的生产生活方式，在推动城镇化进程、促进城乡融合和加快经济转型升级等方面起着不可忽视的作用。然而在特色小镇发展中也暴露出了“房地产化”、过急过快、经营混乱等众多问题，建设特色小镇需要理性思考。从“行动—规则”视角对特色小镇背景、内涵、成功及失败的原因进行分析，特色小镇作为一种新型的产业空间组织形式，它是个体行动和行动协调所形成的自组织系统，特色小镇的特色是内生于动态演化的自组织系统。成功的特色小镇一定是充分发挥了市场的作用，发挥了个体的主观能动性，特别是发挥了企业家创新精神。失败的特色小镇并未形成特色产业支撑的自组织系统，没有充分发挥市场主体特别是企业家的创新作用。因此，基于“行动—规则”视角，我国特色小镇应坚持理性发展、因地制宜、市场运作和政府引导等原则，合理规划、科学发展。更多还原

【Abstract】 As a new type of production and lifestyle, characteristic towns play an important role in promoting urbanization, promoting urban-rural integration, and accelerating economic transformation and upgrading. However, the boom in the construction of characteristic towns has also revealed many problems such as “real estate”,too hasty and too fast, and chaotic operation. The development of characteristic towns requires rational thinking. This article analyzes the background, connotation, success and failure reasons of characteristic towns from the perspective of “action-rules”,and believes that characteristic towns, as a new form of industrial space organization, are self-organizing systems formed by individual actions and action coordination, and their characteristics are inherent in self-organizing systems which are dynamic and evolutionary. Successful characteristic towns give full play to the role of the market and the subjective initiative of individuals, especially the entrepreneurial spirit of innovation. Failed characteristic towns have not formed a self-organizing system supported by characteristic industries, and have not given full play to the innovative role of market entities, especially entrepreneurs. Many places have turned characteristic towns into real estate, treating them as empty shells without industrial support. Therefore, based on the perspective of “action-rules”,characteristic towns should adhere to the principles of rational development, adaptation of policies to local conditions, market operation and government guidance, reasonable planning and scientific development.更多还原