【摘要】 目的：分析原发性肾小球疾病患者肠道菌群结构特征，为寻求新的诊疗方法提供理论支持。方法：收集原发性肾小球患者(20例)和健康对照人群(20例)的粪便样本，采用16S rRNA的方法分析两组肠道菌群的结构组成特点。结果：原发性肾小球疾病和健康对照组的年龄、性别和体质量指数无统计学差异。α多样性分析结果表明，两组肠道菌群的丰富度存在显著差异。两组肠道菌群种类的多样性程度在统计学上无显著差异，且原发性肾小球疾病组肠道菌群的多样性程度呈现出总体下降的趋势。β多样性分析的结果表明原发性肾小球疾病组与对照组的菌群构成存在显著差异。原发性肾小球疾病组拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)的丰度显著高于对照组(P=0.022),厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)(P=0.043)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)(P=0.020)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)(P=0.046)的丰度显著低于对照组。在属水平，原发性肾小球疾病组罗氏菌属(Roseburia)(P=0.005)、双歧杆菌属(Bifidobacterium)(P=0.048)、厌氧梭菌属(Anaerostipes)(P=0.012)、霍氏真杆菌([Eubacterium]＿hallii＿group)(P=0.032)、CAG-56(P=0.006)、黄曲霉属(Flavonifractor)(P=0.028)、梭状芽孢杆菌(Clostridioides)(P=0.032)、副梭菌属(Paraclostridium)(P=0.019)、Phocea(P=0.014)和加德纳菌属(Gardnerella)(P=0.030)的丰度均显著低于对照组。结论：与对照组相比，原发性肾小球疾病患者肠道菌群丰富度较低，菌群组成存在显著差异。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota in patients with primary glomerular disease and provide theoretical support for the development of new diagnostic and treatment methods. Methodology:Fecal samples were collected from 20 patients with primary glomerular disease and 20 healthy controls. The structure and composition of gut microbiota in both groups were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing. Results:There were no significant differences in age, gender, or BMI between the primary glomerular disease group and the control group. Alpha diversity analysis showed that the richness of gut microbiota was significantly different between the two groups, but the diversity of gut microbiota species did not show significant differences. Compared to the control group, the primary glomerular disease group showed a trend of decreased diversity of gut microbiota. Beta diversity analysis revealed significant differences in the composition of gut microbiota between the primary glomerular disease group and the control group. The abundance of Bacteroidetes in the primary glomerular disease group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P=0.022), while the abundance of Firmicutes(P=0.043), Actinobacteria(P=0.020), and Chloroflexi(P=0.046) was significantly lower than that in the control group. At the genus level, the abundance of Roseburia(P=0.005), Bifidobacterium(P=0.048), Anaerostipes(P=0.012), [Eubacterium]＿hallii＿group(P=0.032), CAG-56(P=0.006), Flavonifractor(P=0.028), Clostridioides(P=0.032), Paraclostridium(P=0.019), Phocea(P=0.014), and Gardnerella(P=0.030) was significantly lower in the primary glomerular disease group compared to the control group.Conclusion:Compared to the control group, patients with primary glomerular disease have lower richness of gut microbiota and differences in the composition of gut microbiota, including several differentially abundant bacteria.更多还原