【摘要】 目的 优选提取工艺制备鲜参组方的生脉冻干口崩片，评价鲜参中优势皂苷类成分的药理作用，为鲜参入药制剂的合理应用提供参考。方法 制备鲜参乙醇提取物、匀浆及煎煮提取物以及不同人参炮制品组方的生脉冻干口崩片，采用UPLC-Q-Exactive MS技术对皂苷类成分进行分析鉴定。利用PharmMapper预测目标皂苷类成分潜在靶点，利用String及DAVID对潜在靶点进行蛋白相互作用、GO过程及KEGG功能富集分析，运用Cytoscape软件构建成分-靶点-通路网络，应用AutoDock软件进行分子对接验证。结果 优选匀浆工艺制备生脉冻干口崩片，比较不同炮制品组方中皂苷含量的差异，筛选出malonylginsenoside Rb₂、malonylginsenoside Rc、malonylginsenoside Rb₁、malonylginsenoside Rd、ginsenoside Re、ginsenoside Rf作为优势成分。通路富集结果表明，鲜参中的丙二酸单酰基类皂苷成分主要调控糖基化终末产物-糖基化终末产物受体（advanced glycation end products-receptor advanced glycation end products, AGE-RAGE）、白细胞介素17（interleukin-17,IL-17）、肿瘤坏死因子（tumor necrosis factor, TNF）等信号通路。malonylginsenoside Rc是关键的丙二酸单酰基类皂苷成分，丝裂原活化蛋白激酶14（mitogen-activated protein kinase 14,MAPK14）、半胱氨酸-天冬氨酸蛋白酶3（caspase-3,CASP3）、人转化生长因子β受体1（TGF-beta receptor type-1,TGFBR1）、骨形态发生蛋白-2（bone morphogenetic protein 2,BMP2）为其潜在的关键靶点，相关结果得到分子对接的验证。结论 匀浆工艺能够有效保留鲜参中的丙二酸单酰基类皂苷成分，该类成分可通过调控AGE-RAGE、IL-17、TNF等信号通路以调节机体的炎症、细胞凋亡等反应过程，主要涉及糖尿病型并发症、动脉粥样硬化、肿瘤等疾病过程。鲜参中皂苷类优势成分的筛选为鲜参的质量控制提供参考依据，结合匀浆工艺制备的生脉冻干口崩片为后续鲜参在制剂开发应用中奠定经验基础，同时为临床中药鲜用提供理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective The preferred extraction process was selected to prepare Shengmai freeze-dried orally disintegrating tablets of fresh ginseng, and network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to evaluate the pharmacological effects of dominant saponins in fresh ginseng, which provided reference for the rational application of fresh ginseng in pharmaceutical preparations.Methods The alcohol extracts, homogenate and decocting extracts of fresh ginseng and Shengmai freeze-dried orally disintegrating tablets of different ginseng processed products were prepared.The saponin components were analyzed and identified by UPLC-Q-Exactive MS technique.PharmMapper was used to predict potential targets of saponin components.String and DAVID were applied for protein interaction, GO process and KEGG function enrichment analysis.Cytoscape software was exploited to build component-target-pathway network, and AutoDock software was applied for molecular docking.Results Homogenate technology was optimized to prepare Shengmai freeze-dried orally disintegrating tablets, and the difference of saponin contents in different processed products were compared.Malonylginsenoside Rb₂,malonylginsenoside Rc, malonylginsenoside Rb₁,malonylginsenoside Rd, ginsenoside Re, and ginsenoside Rf were selected as the dominant components of fresh ginseng.The enrichment results showed that malonylginsenosides could regulate the advanced glycation end products-receptor advanced glycation end products（AGE-RAGE）,interleukin-17（IL-17）,tumor necrosis factor（TNF） and other signal pathways.Malonylginsenoside Rc may be the key component for regulating mitogen activated protein kinase 14（MAPK14）,caspase-3（CASP3）,human transforming growth factor β Receptor 1（TGF beta receptor type-1,TGFBR1） and bone morphogenetic protein 2（BMP2）.The network pharmacology results had been verified by molecular docking.Conclusion The malonylginsenosides in fresh ginseng can be retained by homogenization process effectively, which can improve inflammation, cell apoptosis and other reaction processes of the body by regulating AGE-RAGE,IL-17,TNF and other signal pathways, mainly involving diabetes complications, atherosclerosis, tumors and other disease processes.Screening the differential saponins in fresh ginseng provides a reference basis for the quality control of fresh ginseng.The Shengmai freeze-dried orally disintegrating tablets prepared in combination with the homogenization process lays a foundation for the development and application of fresh ginseng in the preparation, and provides a theoretical basis for the fresh use of traditional Chinese medicine in clinic.更多还原