【摘要】 目的 研究边坡开挖对边坡失稳的破坏，对边坡开挖及桩锚支护过程进行数值模拟分析，确保边坡处于安全施工之中。方法 以长沙市月华街南段道路K0+090边坡为案例，使用二次开发下的TCA2003全站仪对边坡冠梁上P1～P7的7个监测点进行对支护结构水平与竖直方向位移监测；使用天宝DINI03高精度数字水准仪对坡顶建筑上W1～W4的4个监测点进行对坡顶建筑物沉降监测；使用测斜仪对CX1、CX2两根侧斜管进行土体及支护结构的深层水平位移监测；采用ABAQUS有限元软件对道路K0+090段边坡的开挖及桩锚支护过程进行三维数值模拟分析，以确定该段边坡在4种工况下的支护桩及冠梁位移与坡顶建筑物沉降变化；结果 现场测量出的P1～P7监测点X、Y和Z方向坐标与初始坐标最大差值的绝对值分别为0.3 mm、0.2 mm、0.2 mm;数值模拟结果表明：边坡开挖及支护过程中坡顶建筑物的沉降值远小于累积报警值10 mm;现场监测与数值模拟在支护桩及冠梁X方向水平位移最大值差值为0.79 mm;在坡顶建筑物竖向位移最大值差值为0.50 mm。结论 边坡土体及支护结构呈现出朝坡外倾斜的趋势，且水平位移由上到下不断的减小，数值模拟结果与现场监测数据均表明边坡施工处于稳定安全状态。更多还原

【Abstract】 To study the effects of slope excavation on slope instability, numerical simulation analysis was conducted on the excavation and support processes of the slope, ensuring safe construction practices.Taking the slope at K0+090 of Yuehua street, Changsha city as a case study, the TCA2003 total station, which was customized, was used to monitor the horizontal and vertical displacements of seven monitoring points(P1～P7)on the slope′s crown beam.The DINI03 high-precision digital level was used to monitor the settlement of four monitoring points(W1～W4)on the top of the slope structure.Inclinometers were used to monitor the deep horizontal displacements of the soil and support structure in two inclined pipes(CX1、CX2).The ABAQUS finite element software was employed to perform three-dimensional numerical simulation analysis of the excavation and support processes of the slope at K0+090,in order to determine the displacements of the supporting piles and the crown beam, as well as the settlement changes of the slope′s top structure under four different working conditions.The maximum absolute differences between the measured coordinates(X,Y,Z)of the P1～P7 monitoring points and their initial coordinates were found to be 0.3 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.2 mm, respectively.The numerical simulation results indicated that the settlement of the top structure during the slope excavation and support processes was far below the cumulative alarm value of 10 mm.The maximum difference between the on-site monitoring and numerical simulation results for the horizontal displacement of the support piles and crown beam in the X direction was 0.79 mm, while for the vertical displacement of the top structure, it was 0.50 mm.The slope soil and support structure exhibited a tendency to lean outward, and the horizontal displacement decreased from top to bottom.Both the numerical simulation results and the on-site monitoring data indicated that the slope construction was in a stable and safe state.更多还原