【摘要】 半导体、电镀、冶金和陶瓷行业排放高浓度含氟废水，因此天然水中的氟化物污染已成为一个全球性问题，而Zn-Mg-Al LDO是很好的吸附材料。在n(Zn²⁺)/n(Mg²⁺)/n(Al³⁺)、反应温度不同的条件下，采用共沉淀法合成Zn-Mg-Al LDH，并将Zn-Mg-Al LDH在不同温度下焙烧制得Zn-Mg-Al LDO；利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）、BET比表面积测试法等方法，探究了Zn-Mg-Al LDO的结构和性质；对50 mL质量浓度为20.0 mg/L的NaF溶液进行吸附实验，考察了Zn-Mg-Al LDO吸附去除氟离子的性能。结果表明，在n(Zn²⁺)/n(Mg²⁺)/n(Al³⁺)=2∶1∶1、反应温度为75℃、焙烧温度为400℃的条件下制备的Zn-MgAl LDO吸附去除氟离子的性能最好，氟离子的吸附去除率达到85.39%;Zn-Mg-Al LDO具有水滑石特征峰，晶型良好，呈层状结构；Zn-Mg-Al LDO为介孔材料，其比表面积为103.15 m²/g。此外，还研究了吸附过程的动力学和吸附机理。结果表明，吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附等温线和准二级动力学方程。更多还原

【Abstract】 The semiconductor,electroplating,metallurgy,and ceramic industries discharge high concentration fluoride containing wastewater,making fluoride pollution in natural water a global problem.Thus,Zn-Mg-Al LDO is a good adsorbent material.Under different reaction temperatures of n(Zn²⁺)/n(Mg²⁺)/n(Al³⁺),Zn-Mg-Al LDH was synthesized by co-precipitation method,and Zn-Mg-Al-LDH was calcined at different temperatures to obtain Zn-Mg-Al-LDO.X-ray diffraction （XRD）,scanning electron microscopy （SEM）,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and BET specific surface area testing methods were used to study the structure and properties of Zn-Mg-Al LDO.The adsorption experiment was conducted on 50 mL of NaF solution with an mass concentration of 20.0 mg/L to investigate the performance of Zn-Mg-Al LDO in adsorbing and removing fluoride ions.The results showed that the Zn-Mg-Al LDO prepared under the conditions of n(Zn²⁺)/n(Mg²⁺)/n(Al³⁺)=2∶1∶1,reaction temperature of 75℃,and calcination temperature of 400℃exhibited the best adsorption and removal performance of fluoride ions,with an adsorption and removal rate of 85.39%.Zn-Mg-Al LDO has characteristic peaks of hydrotalcite,good crystal structure,and a layered structure.Zn-Mg-Al LDO is a mesoporous material with a specific surface area of 103.15 m²/g.In addition,the kinetics and adsorption mechanism of the adsorption process were also studied.The results indicate that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm and quasi second-order kinetic equation.更多还原