【摘要】 以玉米芯为生物质碳源，硼酸为硼源，通过碳热还原法制备碳化硼粉体。研究了硼碳比、热解温度以及活化剂对碳化硼合成的影响，采用X-射线衍射（XRD）、傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、热重-差示扫描量热（TG-DSC）、拉曼光谱（Raman）等表征方法对最终产物进行了表征。结果表明：硼碳摩尔比为0.63，在1 500℃下高温煅烧4 h，制备的碳化硼杂质含量相对较少，碳化硼的纯度较高，有良好的结晶度。降低裂解温度，也可制备出碳化硼，但是需要更高的反应温度以及更长的反应时间。以氢氧化钠作为活化剂对玉米芯进行活化后制备出碳化硼与石墨碳的复合材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Boron carbide powder was prepared by carbothermic reduction method with corn cob as biomass carbon source and boric acid as boron source.The effects of boron carbon ratio, pyrolysis temperature and activator on the synthesis of boron carbide were studied. The final product was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM), thermogravimetric differential scanning calorimetry(TG-DSC) and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the boron carbon molar ratio was 0.63, the impurity content was relatively small, the purity of boron carbide was high, and the crystallinity was good when calcined at 1 500 ℃for 4 h.Boron carbide could also be prepared by reducing the pyrolysis temperature,but required a higher reaction temperature and longer reaction time.The composite material of boron carbide and graphite carbon was prepared by activating corn cob with sodium hydroxide as the activator.更多还原