【摘要】 【目的】苹果矮化自根砧脱毒苗木的推广应用，对推动苹果栽培制度的变革和果业增效、果农增收都具有重要的意义。【方法】对苹果矮化自根砧M9-T337、B9、GM256、M26茎尖和试管苗采用茎尖培养结合试管苗热处理脱除病毒方法，开展了脱毒试验。【结果】经检测，4个苹果砧木苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(ACLSV)茎尖脱毒率为7.1%,苹果茎尖病毒(ASGV)脱毒率为3.6%;二次茎尖热处理后，4个苹果砧木苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(ACLSV)脱毒率为51.0%,达到了预期的目标，对苹果矮化自根砧脱毒苗木的生产起到了促进作用。【结论】对脱毒后的材料送检，4个样品中苹果矮化自根砧M9-T337、TM26不携带苹果茎痘病毒(ASPV)、苹果茎沟病毒(ASGV)、苹果褪绿叶病毒(ACLSV)、苹果花叶病毒(APMV)、苹果诱果类病毒(ASSVd),病毒的脱毒率达到100%;B9携带苹果茎痘病毒(ASPV),GM256携带苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(ACLSV),这两种砧木病毒的脱毒率达到80%,脱毒效果较好，该方法可在苗木繁育中推广应用，以促进苹果矮化自根砧脱毒苗木的生产。更多还原

【Abstract】 【Objective】 The popularization and application of virus-free seedlings of apple dwarf rootstock is of great significance to promote the reform of apple cultivation system, increase the efficiency of fruit industry and increase the income of fruit growers. 【Methods】 M9-T337, B9, GM256, M26 shoot tips and test-tube seedlings of apple dwarf rootstocks M9-T337, B9, GM256, M26 were virus-free by shoot tip culture combined with heat treatment of test-tube seedlings. 【Results】The results showed that the virus-free rates of ACLSV and ASGV were 7.1% and 3.6%, respectively.After secondary shoot tip heat treatment, the detoxification rate of apple chlorotic leafhopper virus( ACLSV) in four apple rootstocks was 51.0%, which achieved the expected goal and promoted the production of virus-free seedlings of apple dwarf rootstocks. 【Conclusion】 After virus-free material inspection, apple dwarf rootstock M9-T337 and TM26 in the four samples did not carry apple stem pox virus( ASPV), apple stem groove virus( ASGV), apple chlorotic leaf virus( ACLSV), apple mosaic virus( APMV) and apple fruit-inducing virus( ASSVd). The virus-free rate reached 100%. B9 carried apple stem pitting virus( ASPV), and GM256 carried apple chlorotic leaf spot virus( ACLSV). The detoxification rate of the two rootstock viruses reached 80%, and the detoxification effect was better. This method can be popularized and applied in seedling breeding to promote the production of virus-free seedlings of apple dwarf rootstocks.更多还原