【摘要】 目的 鉴定引起山东省泰安市某学校腹泻疫情的病原体，并对其基因组进行遗传特征分析。方法 利用荧光定量PCR方法对本起疫情中收集到的19份腹泻患者及餐厅工作人员的肛拭子、环境样本进行常见腹泻病毒性病原体检测，随后利用高通量测序方法获得阳性样本的病毒基因组序列，并对病毒全基因组序列进行核苷酸和氨基酸序列相似性比较、系统发育分析。结果 19份样本中有7份样本被鉴定为腺病毒阳性，阳性检出率为36.8%；在患者10和患者4餐具样本中测序获得了腺病毒F41型毒株的全基因组序列，两株病毒核苷酸、氨基酸相似性均为100%。基于全基因组、六邻体基因、纤突蛋白基因的系统发育分析表明，本研究的HAdV-F41毒株与中国、美国、日本、伊拉克等国家分离到的毒株亲缘性较高。结论本次泰安地区儿童腹泻疫情是由腺病毒F41型感染引起，且与中国、美国等毒株亲缘性较高，丰富了山东省腺病毒F41型毒株的遗传特征资料，为腺病毒引起的儿童腹泻的防治提供了理论依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To identify the causative agent of an acute diarrhea outbreak in a school in Taian,Shandong, and to analyze the genetic characteristics of the pathogenic virus. Methods A total of nineteen samples including anal swabs from the diarrheal patients and related staff in the school canteen and environmental samples were collected. These samples were tested for common pathogens causing viral diarrhea by quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR), followed by high-throughput sequencing to obtain the viral genome sequences of the qPCR positive samples. Genetic characterizations of the causative agent were further studied including nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity and phylogenetic analysis. Results Seven of the 19 samples tested positive for adenovirus by qPCR, with the positive rate of 36.8%. Whole-genome sequences of human adenovirus serotype 41(HAdV-F41)were obtained from the anal swab of Patient 10 and the tableware of Patient 4, with the nucleotide and amino acid identity of 100% between them. Phylogenetic analyses of the full-length genome, hexon gene, and fiber gene sequences showed that the HAdV-F41 strain discovered in this study had high homology with strains previously described from China, the United States, Japan, Iraq, and other countries. Conclusion Our findings indicated that HAdV-F41 was the causative agent responsible for the acute diarrhea outbreak in Taian, which shared high homology with previously reported HAdV-F41 strains worldwide. These results enriched the genetic resource of HAdV-F41 in Shandong and provided a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of acute diarrhea in children caused by adenoviruses.更多还原