【摘要】 为探究细菌对十溴联苯醚（BDE-209）的生物降解特性，从活性污泥中分离出一株有效降解BDE-209的好氧细菌——硝基还原假单胞菌（Pseudomonas nitroreducens）。研究该菌降解BDE-209的最适外加碳源，探索P.nitroreducens细胞表面特性在不同BDE-209初始质量浓度下的变化及降解动力学特征。结果表明，P.nitroreducens能够以BDE-209为唯一碳源生长。葡萄糖对BDE-209生物降解的促进作用最为显著，当葡萄糖质量浓度为250 mg/L时，对10 mg/L BDE-209的降解率可达76.2%。BDE-209的降解动力学符合准一级动力学方程，半衰期短、降解速率较快，且P.nitroreducens对较高质量浓度的BDE-209具有良好的耐受性。高质量浓度的Cu²⁺（≥30 mg/L）会抑制BDE-209的降解和菌株的生长。P.nitroreducens的高细胞表面疏水性使BDE-209更容易进入细胞内部，细胞膜通透性的增加是受到BDE-209的应激作用所致。微生物降解是一种将BDE-209从污染环境中清除的有效修复技术，从环境中筛选出高效降解菌为BDE-209的生物降解提供了更多可能性。更多还原

【Abstract】 To investigate the degradation characteristics of decabromodiphenyl ether（BDE-209） by bacteria, an effective aerobic bacterium for degrading of BDE-209 was isolated from activated sludge and identified as Pseudomonas nitroreducens. The optimal additional carbon sources for the biodegradation of BDE-209 were investigated, and the changes of cell surface characteristics and degradation kinetics at different initial mass concentrations of BDE-209 by P. nitroreducens were explored. The experimental results showed that P. nitroreducens was able to grow with BDE-209 as the sole carbon source. Glucose played a significant role in promoting the biodegradation of BDE-209, and the degradation rate of 10 mg/L BDE-209 could reach 76.2% when the glucose mass concentration was 250 mg/L. The degradation kinetics of BDE-209 was in accordance with pseudo first order reaction kinetic equation with short half-life and fast degradation rate. Moreover, P. nitroreducens had a good tolerance to higher mass concentration of BDE-209. High mass concentration of Cu²⁺ （≥30 mg/L） inhibited the degradation of BDE-209 and the growth of P.nitroreducens. The high cell surface hydrophobicity of P.nitroreducens made BDE-209 enter the cells more easily. The increase in cell membrane permeability was caused by the stressful effects of BDE-209. The microbial degradation is an effective remediation strategy to remove BDE-209 from the polluted environment, and the effective screening of degrading bacteria from the environment provided more possibilities for BDE-209 biodegradation.更多还原