【摘要】 土壤动物作为陆地生态系统的重要组成部分,调控着生态系统结构和功能的完整性,在生物多样性维持、能量流动和物质循环等方面发挥着关键作用。在当前气候变化和人类活动的持续影响下,土壤动物多样性锐减,使部分土壤动物面临灭绝风险,需要尽快重视土壤动物多样性的监测、保护和恢复工作。基于此,2016年土壤动物多样性监测网络作为中国生物多样性监测与研究网络(Sino BON)的重要组成部分正式建立,初步形成了包含森林、农田、海岛和荒漠生态系统的土壤动物多样性监测网络体系,为推动和完善生物多样性监测的标准化、数据共享和多尺度生物多样性变化评估奠定了良好的基础。本文概述了21世纪以来全球土壤动物多样性监测网络的发端与形成,简介了我国土壤动物多样性监测网络的建立和目标,整理了土壤动物多样性监测网络建立以来的代表性研究进展,主要介绍了国家尺度土壤动物标本的收集与鉴定、典型山地垂直自然带监测、大型固定样地动态监测及长期控制实验样地的土壤动物多样性监测,旨在总结我国土壤动物多样性监测工作的进展与不足,展望未来的研究方向,为加强土壤动物多样性的多尺度空间格局及其维持机制、土壤动物多样性的保护和资源合理利用提供基础数据支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Background: Soil animals, essential components of terrestrial ecosystems, play a crucial role in regulating the structural and functional integrity of ecosystems. They significantly contribute to maintenance of biodiversity, energy flow, and nutrient cycles. Unfortunately, the persistent impacts of climate change and human activities have resulted in the degradation of soil animal diversity, escalating the risk of extinction for soil biota. Recognizing the urgency of this situation, there is a growing emphasis on monitoring, protecting, and restoring soil animal diversity. In response to this imperative, the Soil Organisms Monitoring Network was officially established in 2016 as a prominent component of the China Biodiversity Monitoring and Research Network(Sino BON). This network encompasses various ecosystems,such as forests, farmland, islands, and desert, and has established a robust foundation for advancing standardization,data sharing, and multi-scale biodiversity change assessments.Progress: This study delineates the inception and development of the global soil animal diversity monitoring network in the 21st century, with a specific focus on the goals and representative research progress within the context of the Chinese network. Furthermore, it offers insights into the collection and identification of soil animal specimens on a national scale, monitoring activities in typical mountainous vertical natural zones, dynamic tracking of large fixed sample plots, and long-term controlled experimental plots dedicated to soil animal diversity. This study aims to summarize the progress and shortcomings of soil animal monitoring in China and promote the further development of soil animal monitoring. We look forward to future research directions and providing a solid foundation for enhancing the understanding of the multi-scale spatial patterns of soil animal diversity, elucidating maintenance mechanisms,promoting the protection of soil animal diversity, and facilitating the rational utilization of resources. The ultimate goal is to provide essential data support for informed decision-making in environmental conservation and sustainable resource management.更多还原